Alicia Culver Green Purchasing Institute info2008@greenpurchasing

1. Alicia Culver Green Purchasing Instituteinfo2008@greenpurchasing.org Purchasing for Climate Protection Green Schools Summit 2008 Anaheim, CA ● December 8, 2008

2. Global Temperatures Rising Source: Washington State Dept of Ecology; www.ecy.wa.gov/climatechange/effects.htm Source: NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies, January 11, 2008

3. How do products have climate change impact? • Energy needed to manufacture product • Energy consumed using product • GHGs released by product during use • End-of-life GHG emissions • when product is landfilled, incinerated, recycled

4. Transportation Transportation Sector = Largest GHG Emitter Accounts for ~1/3 of all CO2 emissions nationwide Source: Energy Information Administration, www.eia.doe.gov/oiaf/1605/flash/flash.html

5. Sustainable Bus Fleets

6. Sustainable Biofuels? • Roundtable on Sustainable Biofuels is developing an international standard: http://cgse.epfl.ch/page65660-en.html • Key criterion: Sustainable biofuels reduce GHGs (measured using consistent criteria)

7. Slow Transport Transportation by ship is most efficient Rail Freight is a close second Road Transport: 4X more CO2 than Rail) Air Freight is worst: 6X more CO2 than road; 30X > rail

8. Local Purchasing Win Win • Reduces GHG emissions in the transport sector • Strengthens local economy by creating “green” collar jobs and increasing tax revenue

9. Facility Energy Use Buildings account for: • 70% of electricity consumption • 39% of energy use and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions Source: US Department of Energy; http://buildingsdatabook.eren.doe.gov/ChartView.aspx?chartID=1

10. Energy-Efficient Lamps and Ballasts • Reduce mercury from power plants • Decrease # of lamps needed to light spaces • Specify “Super T8s” (SPX, XPS, High-lumen), T5s and “extra-efficient” ballasts • Set minimum efficiency (lumens/watt) CRI (80+) • Eliminate inefficient lamps, ballasts & fixtures from contracts (T12, mercury vapor, circular T9s)

11. LEDs • Exit signs • Traffic signals • Parking lot lights • Hallway lighting • Elevator lights • Replacements for pin-based CFLs • Task and track lighting • Underwater lighting for pools • Pathway lighting (outdoor lighting) • Holiday lighting

12. Exit Signs • Incandescent light bulbs • Inefficient: use about 40 watts • Bulbs last about 3000 hours (~4-6 months) • Fluorescent lamps • More efficient than incandescent (5-15 watts) • Contain mercury (5-30 mg) • Bulbs last about 7,500 -10,000 hours (9-12 months) • LEDs • Even more efficient (<1-5 watts) • Bulbs last up to 100,000 hours (up to 10 years) • Self-luminescent • Use no energy

13. ENERGY STAR-rated Products List Appliances: washers, dishwashers, refrigerators, etc. Heating and cooling equipment: furnaces, boilers, air conditioners, fans, etc. Lighting equipment: compact fluorescent lamps, fixtures, exit signs, traffic signals, etc. Office equipment: computers, copiers, printers, etc. Electronics: telephones, TVs, DVD players, etc. Miscellaneous: food service equipment, vending machines, windows, etc. www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bulk_purchasing.bus_purchasing

14. Federal Energy Management Program • US Dept of Energy’s FEMP runs an Energy Efficient Products Program to help purchasers identify and calculate the life-cycle costs of highly-efficient energy-using products, including: • HVAC equipment  Appliances • Windows  Roofing • Electric motors  Lighting technologies • Office equipment  Water-using devices See: www.eere.energy.gov/femp/technologies/eeproducts.cfm

15. Appliances Assumptions: 1 unit each, electricity rate $0.09/kWh, water rate $4.158/1000 gal, gas rate $1.1/therm Data based on ENERGY STAR calculators from http://www.energystar.gov/index.cfm?c=bulk_purchasing.bus_purchasing

16. EPEATElectronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool • Environmental specifications for computers: • 23 required and 28 optional criteria across 8 categories • Meet standards for ENERGY STAR (required) • Renewable energy accessory available (optional) • www.epeat.net

17. scanner copier fax all-in-one printer vs. Printers, Copiers, Scanners & Faxes • ENERGY STAR models use ~1/2 energy of standard models • EPEAT imaging equipment standard in development • Order with duplex function and network capable (instead of individual machines) • Purchase All-in-One units when possible • A single ENERGY STAR multi-function device will reduce ~320 pounds of CO2 over 6 years

18. Renewable Energy Procurement Decisions • Type: Solar, wind, biomass, hydro, etc. • On-site versus offsite generation • Small scale versus large scale

20. Water & Energy Linked Water-related energy use consumes 19% of California’s electricity, 30% of its natural gas “The nation’s water & energy use are inextricably entwined. Energy is needed to pump, treat, transport, heat, cool, and recycle water.” (California Energy Commission) Running hot water for 5 minutes = 60 watt bulb for 14 hours Water conservation saves energy at ~60% of cost of energy conservation Source: California Energy Commission, http://www.energy.ca.gov/2005publications/CEC-700-2005-011/CEC-700-2005-011-SF.PDF

21. Water Sense Label • Third-party tested and meet EPA’s efficiency specifications • WaterSense certifications exist or are in development for the following product categories: • Bathroom sink faucets (certified for efficiency and adequate flow) • Landscaping irrigation services (certifies professionals) • New homes • Showerheads (in development) • Toilets (certified for performance and efficiency) • Urinals (in development) • Weather- or sensor- based irrigation control technologies (Source: http://www.epa.gov/watersense/)

22. GHGs from Food Production Systems What matters most is how food is produced • 83% of GHG emissions are production related • Methane from beef and dairy production • 11% from transportation

23. Reducing Municipal “Foodprint” • Change practices of cafeterias, concessions, vending machines, special events, other food service operations • Purchase less red meat and dairy; increase chicken, pork, fish, eggs and veggie proteins • Buy organic and/or sustainably grown food • Buy local, seasonal, fresh, unprocessed food; avoid air freighted food • Reduce bottled water and other packaged goods • Reduce food waste; compost whenever possible

24. Paper Calculator www.edf.org/papercalculator/

25. EPA’s Recycled Content (ReCon) Tool • Calculates energy benefits and GHG emissions reductions from purchasing products with recycled content • Available both as a web-based calculator and Microsoft Excel spreadsheet www.epa.gov/climatechange/wycd/waste/calculators/ReCon_home.html

26. Metric for Recycled Plastic One ton of CO2 equivalent is eliminated when purchasing: • 4 hexagon-shaped recycled plastic benches (98% postconsumer waste) • 15 recycled plastic park benches with backs (98% postconsumer) • 100 recycled plastic, 96-gallon wheeled yard waste carts (25% postconsumer)

27. ~25% of trees (by volume) are cut to manufacture paper products • Larger trees can better sequester/fix CO2 • FSC certifies/lists paper products and building supplies that are derived from sustainably managed forests • Many products contain recycled content See www.fscus.org/about_us/

28. GHGs from Janitorial Maintenance Products • Pressurized “air” dusters often contain chlorodifluoromethane, a potent GHG • Alternatives include mini keyboard vacuums and squeezable bulbs • Some aerosol products contain CO2 as a propellant

29. How to Pay for Energy-Efficient Products • Life-cycle budgeting • Revolving loans • Utility rebates • Energy conservation service agreements • Grants • Cooperative purchasing

30. Bright Schools Program Operated by the California Energy Commission, offers free technical assistance to publicly-funded K-12 schools to: • Conduct energy audits • Review equipment specifications • Evaluate design plans and proposals www.energy.ca.gov/efficiency/brightschools/index.html