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Spinal Function Sort

Spinal Function Sort. Lab - Functional Capacity Assessments. Introduction. SFS is a basic test used to provide a baseline measure of function. It measures a clients perceived competence. To quantify the “perceived ability to perform work tasks that involve the spine in various ways.”.

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Spinal Function Sort

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  1. Spinal Function Sort Lab - Functional Capacity Assessments Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  2. Introduction • SFS is a basic test used to provide a baseline measure of function. • It measures a clients perceived competence. • To quantify the “perceived ability to perform work tasks that involve the spine in various ways.” Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  3. Concept - SFS based on is: • “An individuals perception of capability both precedes and reflects the development of capability.” • It is widely accepted that the disabled person’s perception of dysfunction is an important starting point for functional capacity evaluation. • Individuals may either over estimate physical limitations or underestimate physical abilities. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  4. Concept • The SFS is used in clinical settings as a comparison - functional tests, SMS report, or in combination. • Measures current perception of abilities. • 50 drawings in the test booklet is accompanied by a simple narrative or task description. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  5. Work Rec. Overview of SFS“Why its good” ADL • Reliable and valid test, quick easy. • Identify possible CPD, or malingering • RTW - Own Occ., Alt.Occ., Mod. Occ. • Disability / Ability indicator • Rehab. Efficacy Social Family Lifestyle Psych Health Wellness Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  6. Method / Procedure • The SFS is an untimed paper and pencil test. (8 min. max.) • The evaluee is instructed. “Look at each drawing and read the description. On separate answer sheet, indicate your current level of ability to perform the task.” • A 5-point rating from “Able” to “Restricted” to “Unable.” There is also a sixth indicator which is depicted as “?” and indicates, “I don’t know.” Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  7. SFS Pic. Example Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

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  26. Example Score Sheet Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  27. Reliability - Cross check • Item 17 is very similar to 4 evaluator checks it at completion. • Item 6 is very similar to 50 intra-test consistency • This is recorded and noted, as is “?”. • All scores are are recorded and tallied and compared to norm data and reliability measures. • See sheet ! (In your handouts) Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  28. Reliability • Items can be read to the evaluee who is illiterate, although the combination of text and pictures allows evaluees with low literacy levels to complete the test independently. • “Rating of Perceived Capacity” scores range from zero to 200. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  29. Reliability • The SFS Rating of Perceived Capacity score can be cross-referenced to the U.S. Department of Labor’s Physical Demand Characteristic of Work system. (Job Match/ Classification). Scores of 100-110 = Sedentary Scores of 125 - 135 = Light Scores of 165 - 175 = Medium Scores of 180 - 190 = Heavy 196 - 200 = Very Heavy Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  30. Physical Demand Characteristics of Work1993 Leonard N. Matheson, PhD Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  31. 90th and above 70th to 85th 35th to 65th 15th to 30th 10th and below “Superior” Above Average Average Below Average Inferior Percentile rank - Comparison Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  32. Real World Demo • Review file - Health history and referral request. • Prepare comfortable seated test area. (Paper & Pencil) - lighting, desk heights. • Meet & greet - Mentally make notes of function. • Explain test - Make notes of function. • Monitor - Make notes of function. • Review result (“I don’t knows & cross check”) • Thank & prepare for FCE (next test protocol) • Evaluate results and report Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  33. NIOSH Lift Equation Lab - Assessment of Safe Permissible Limits in Lifting By: Group 13 - Malcolm Sutherland, Mike Weatherston, Jesse Sibbald, Matt Verboom Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  34. Introduction • Description of who, what & why • Example of lift and Ergo’s role in data capture and analysis. • Components of data set required • Measurement tools • NIOSH Equation • NIOSH resources Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  35. Who is NIOSH • NIOSH stands for the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. • The original reference for this tool is: Badger, Donald W. "Work Practices Guide For Manual Lifting." U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Publication No. 81-122, Cincinnati, Ohio, 1981. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  36. NIOSH updated this tool in 1991 -the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation. • The new equation increased the types of task variables the tool could assess. • Waters, Thomas R.; Putz-Anderson, Vern; Garg, Arun. Applications Manual For The Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 94-110, 1994. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  37. What is it used for? • Lifting Equation is a tool used to identify, evaluate, or classify some risks associated with a lifting task. • Performed to determine safe lifting limits for person completing the lifts. • It calculate the Recommended Weight Limit (RWL) and the Lifting Index (LI) Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  38. Terms • RWL -recommended weight of the load that nearly all healthy workers could lift over a period of time (up to eight hours) without an increased risk of developing lifting related low back pain or injury, given all other task parameters remain unchanged. • The LI is a relative estimate of the physical stress associated with a manual lifting job. As the magnitude of the LI increases, the level of the risk for a given worker increases, and a greater percentage of the workforce is likely to be at risk for developing lifting-related low back pain. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  39. When & for whom is it used? • Performed at the request of Employer, Industry group, Health & Safety Rep., worker. • Performed as part of PDA or specific to lift requirement. • When estimating the risk of a two-handed, manual lifting task. • When evaluating a lifting task that may be complex including trunk rotation, different types of hand coupling (grip), repetitiveness, and duration. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  40. Ergonomists use it when they need to: • determining a relatively safe or unsafe load weight for a given task. • determining solutions and changes to lift or worksite (accomodations) • compare the relative risk of two lifting tasks. • when prioritizing jobs for further ergonomic evaluation/action or accomodation. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  41. Lift Example Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  42. Data Set • weight of the object being lifted • Horizontal and vertical hand locations (see key locations in the lifting task • Frequency rate of the lift • Duration of the lift • Type of coupling • Any angle of twisting. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  43. NIOSH Equation LC= Load Constant HM= Horizontal Multiplier (25/H) VM= Vertical Multiplier (0.82 + (4.5/D)) DM= Distance Multiplier (1-(0.003[v-75]) AM= Asymmetric Multiplier (1-(0.0032A)) FM= Frequencey Multiplier (Table 1) CM= Coupling Multiplier (Table 2) Values LC = 20kg HM= 0.42 VM= 1.111 DM= 0.84 AM= 1.0 FM= 1.0 CM= 0.95 Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

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  45. Table 1 Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  46. Table 2 Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  47. NIOSH Equation • RWL (Recommended Weight Limits) • RWL = LC x HM x VM x DM x AM x FM x CM • RWL = 20 x 0.42 x 1.111 x 0.84 x 1.0 x 1.0 x 0.95 = 7.44 Lifting Index (LI) = Weight of Load/RWL = 20kg/7.44 = 2.69 Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  48. NIOSH RECOMENDATION • NIOSH’s perspective = lifting tasks with a LI > 1.0 pose an increased risk for lifting-related low back pain and injury. • The goal should be to design all lifting jobs to achieve a LI of 1.0 or less. Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  49. Interpretation of LI values • LI > 1 = Engineering/administrative controls must be implemented • LI ≤ 1 = Lift is acceptable • Our LI value = 2.69 • Therefore, lift is problematic Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

  50. Review Results of NIOSH • Safe or Unsafe lift • Advice to modify lift such as education on lifting mechanics, lifting assistance, improved coupling, new packaging/placement/storage of load, mechanical assisted lifting devices • Report to person requesting in PDA or report Kinesiology - 4310 Ergonomics

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