XTINGUISHER

1. XTINGUISHER Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use

2. Objectives Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use • Refer to POST Performance Objectives • Understand the combustion process and different fire classes • Understand fire extinguisher types, operating procedures • Understand basic firefighting concepts: • R.A.C.E. • P.A.S.S.

3. The Combustion Process Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use • Three components • Need all three components to start a fire • Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.

4. Fire Classes ATrash Wood Paper BLiquids Grease • wood • paper • cloth • etc. • gasoline • oil • grease • other solvents • magnesium • sodium • potassium • titanium • other flammable metals CElectrical Equipment COMBUSTIBLE • computers • fax machine • other energized electrical equip. D METALS

5. Fire Classes (cont.) CLASS K FIRES • Recently recognized by NFPA 10 • Fires involving combustible oils, lards and fats in commercial cooking. K Cooking Media

6. Halon • Halon fire extinguisher is important device to have, especially for emergency situations. It contains a gas that interrupts the chemical reaction that takes place when fuels burn. Halon fire extinguisher is often used to protect valuable electrical equipment since they leave no residue. • Such on expensive computers, server rooms, etc. • Since Halon manufacturing was banned, a hunt has been on for something that works as well. According to the Halon Alternatives Research Corp., more than 20 different kinds of alternatives exist as direct replacements. • Halon Replacement • Those categories are inert gases and halocarbon compounds.

7. Fire Extinguisher Anatomy PRESSURE GAUGE (not found on CO2 extinguishers) DISCHARGE LEVER DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN AND SEAL CARRYING HANDLE DISCHARGE HOSE DATA PLATE DISCHARGE NOZZLE BODY DISCHARGE ORIFICE

8. Fire Extinguisher Types PRESSURIZED WATER • Class “A” fires only • 2.5 gal. water (up to 1 minute discharge time) • Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check • 30-40 ft. maximum effective range • Can be started and stopped as necessary • Extinguishes by cooling burning material below the ignition point.

9. Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) • Class “B” or “C” fires • 2.5-100 lb. of CO2(8-30 seconds discharge time) • Has NO pressure gauge--capacity verified by weight • 3-8 ft. maximum effective range • Extinguishes by smothering burning materials • Effectiveness decreases as temperature of burning material increases.

10. Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.) MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL • Class “A”, “B”, or “C” fires • 2.5-20 lb. dry chemical (ammonium phosphate) 8-25 seconds discharge time) • Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check • 5-20 ft. maximum effective range • Extinguishes by smothering burning materials.

11. Fire Extinguisher Summary EXTINGUISHER TYPE WORKS BY EFFECTIVE AGAINST PRESSURIZED WATER COOLING CARBON DIOXIDE SMOTHERING MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICAL SMOTHERING

12. Fire Emergency Response R Rescue Alarm Contain Extinguish A C E

13. Fighting the Fire P Pull the pin Aim low at the base of flames Squeeze the handle Sweep side to side A S S

14. WARNING!! • It is important to understand that most people don’t die from burning but more often from the smoke from a fire. • Smoke / Fire will take the oxygen out of the room and cause suffocation.

15. Fire Life Safety • How to prevent fires from occurring: • Class A – Ordinary combustibles: • Keep storage and working areas free of trash • Eliminate excess/unnecessary storage of combustible material • Place oily rags in covered containers • Class B – Flammable liquids or gases: • Don’t refuel gasoline-powered equipment in presence of an open flame such as a furnace or water heater • Don’t refuel gasoline-powered equipment while it is hot • Keep flammable liquids stored in tightly closed, self-closing , spill-proof containers. Pour from storage drums only what you’ll need. • Store flammable liquids away from spark-producing sources. • Use flammable liquids only in well-ventilated areas.

16. Fire Life Safety • How to prevent fires from occurring: (cont) • Class C – Electrical equipment: • Look for old wiring, worn insulation and broken electrical fittings. Report any hazardous conditions to your supervisor. • Prevent motors from overheating by keeping them clean and in good working order. A spark from a rough-running motor can ignite the oil and dust in the unit. • Utility lights should always have some type of wire guard over them. Heat from an uncovered light bulb can easily ignite ordinary combustibles. • Don’t misuse fuses, never install a fuse rated higher than specified for the circuit. • Investigate any appliance or electrical equipment that smells strange. Unusual odors can be the first sign of fire. • Don’t overload wall outlets. Two outlets should have no more than two plugs.

17. Why Inmates Start Fires???? • Boredem • Mental health issues • Revenge • Grievances • Carelessness • Diversions

18. Firefighting Decision Criteria • Know department emergency procedures and evacuation routes • Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them • Always sound the alarm regardless of fire size • Avoid smoky conditions • Ensurearea is evacuated • Don’t attempt to fight unless: • Alarm is sounded • Fire is small and contained • You have safe egress route (can be reached without exposure to fire) • Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire • If in doubt, evacuate! “DON’T ATTEMPT TO FIGHT UNLESS YOU ARE TRAINED”

19. Evacuation Plans • Evacuation Plans: • Staff and inmates must be aware of the plan. • It shall be the responsibility of the Warden/designee to provide a system of fire prevention and control to ensure the safety of employees, inmates, and visitors. • Institutions/facilities with major fire fighting equipment shall be responsible for training the employees assigned to operate the equipment. • During an emergency, the Warden or highest ranking officer on duty shall have absolute and total authority concerning decisions made affecting the institution/facility.

20. SNCC Fire On 12 April 2007 at about 4:55PM the following incident occurred at Southern Nevada Correctional Center. Correctional Officer Wazoo was supervising an inmate working in the SNCC maintenance area. Inmate Waxbean was utilizing a hand held grinder which caused metallic sparks to fly across the maintenance building and ignite a fire in the upstairs open storage area.

21. SNCC Fire

23. JCC Fire On November 23 2007 at approximately 9:00PM the following incident occurred at Jean Conservation Camp. After drying several loads of laundry, the inmate removed the dried clothing from the dryer. The inmate then placed washed culinary rags and clothing into the hot dryer. The dryer was not turned on and the laundry room was left unattended. Later that evening a fire alarm alerted staff to a fire in the laundry room.

24. JCC Fire

25. JCC Fire

26. Summary Fire Safety & Fire Extinguisher Use • Combustion Process (Fire Triangle) • Class A, B, C, D, K fires • Types of portable fire extinguishers: • Operating procedures • Capabilities and limitations • Basic firefighting concepts: R.A.C.E. P.A.S.S.

27. Quiz Question 1 • Fire extinguisher marked with an A is used on: • A) oil fires • B) Electrical fires • C) paper material fires • D) none of the above

28. Quiz Question 1-Answer • C- paper material fires

29. Quiz Question 2 • Fire extinguishers marked with a B can be used on: • A) Paper, trash • B) Oil or Grease • C) Electrical • D) Non of the above

30. Quiz Question 2- Answer • B- oil or grease

31. Quiz addendum • How else you can kill a grease fire? • Smother • Baking Soda • A&B

32. Quiz Addendum-Answer • C- A & B • Smother or baking soda

33. Quiz Question 3 • Fire extinguisher marked ABC can be used on: • A) Wood, Paper • B) Electrical • C) Liquids and grease • D) All of the above

34. Question 3 - Answer • D- All of the above

35. Quiz Question 4 • Fire Extinguishers marked with D are used for • A) Combustible chemicals • B) Magnesium • C) Potassium • D) other flammable metals • E) all of the above

36. Question 4- Answer • E- All of the above

37. QUESTIONS ?