The Ojibwe

1. The Ojibwe Chapter 4

2. The Ojibwe • Also known as the Anishinaabe, Ojibway, Ojibwa, Otchipwe, and Chippewa • Around 1500 the Ojibwe began moving towards Minnesota • They also lived in forests and moved with the seasons • Hunted game, harvested wild rice, and made sugar and maple syrup • http://youtu.be/8DGtWZ_qvEs?t=25s

3. However, the Ojibwe lived in wigwams: a round dwelling made out of poles and saplings and covered with sheets of birchbark or woven mats Review ? What did the Dakota live in?

4. Ojibwe canoes were formed out of birchbark, not hollowed out logs like the Dakota • Also spoke a different language

5. Sault Sainte Marie • Around 1500: The Dakota became aware of the Ojibwe when they arrived at Sault Sainte Marie

6. Some Ojibwe moved along the shores of Lake Superior

7. The Dakota and Ojibwe watched each other from a distance • Small battles broke out between them • They tried to figure out what the other was up to • This dislike went on for centuries • http://youtu.be/_kO4j8-LloM

8. Migration Story • Page 43-44 • Fill out study guide on Ojibwe migration

9. A New Way of Life • By the 1600s other Indian groups began arriving • Ojibwe saw blankets and clothes made of woven fabric • Pots and tools made of metal • Weapons, such as guns • Began to hear about the white man who would trade goods for animal furs

10. Changes • Not all changes were good. • Traders brought diseases with them • Smallpox

11. Items • Items the Ojibwe prized were • Metal ax: made building things much faster • Dwellings, canoes, split wood • Guns: made hunting easier • Clothing: softer, more comfortable • Brass and tin kettles: replaced clay pots • Traded for pelts: stretched furs with the skin still on them

12. Furs

13. Ojibwe spent more time providing pelts for Europeans • Less time with traditional activities such as • Pottery making • Basket weaving

14. As animals became harder to find, Indian groups moved into Dakota territory • Caused fighting

15. Conflict in the Fur Trade • There were many different Indian groups in Minnesota • They formed an alliance with either the French or the British • Alliance: and agreement made between two or more different groups t join forces to achieve a common goal; the participating groups are called allies

16. Fur Trade • Whites represented European nations who wanted to control the fur trade • Encouraged warfare among groups • Believed it would help them get more furs • Fighting would sometimes threaten to cut off trade • Pressure Indians to make peace

17. Fur Trade • By 1670 the Ojibwe became the main supplier of furs to the French • French encouraged them to expand south along Lake Superior • Clashed with the Dakota • http://youtu.be/O6vN_LUkplo

18. War and Peace between the Dakota and the Ojibwe • Dakota pushed out the Huron who had intruded on their lands • Turned to the Ojibwe who had moved to from the mainland to Madeline Island to protect themselves • Large battles broke out and many died • http://youtu.be/-33pl96MaCY

19. The Fighting Continued • Ojibwe continued to push west during the 1670s • 1679 near Duluth, they agreed to stop fighting • French pushed for peace because it was disrupting the fur trade • Daniel Greysolon, SieurDu Luth

20. Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Luth French military officer, explorer, and fur trader in the Lake Superior region from 1678 to 1687. The City of Duluth is names for him.

21. Peace • Ojibwe were happy with the agreement • Gave them rights to collect furs farther west • Dakota were happy as well • Gave them access to European tools, cloth, and weapons • The two groups became friendly • Shared and learned from each other • Page 49: William Warren quote