Warm up: Images Notes on: Theodore Roosevelt as a Progressive Closing Activity: Quotes Review

1. Warm up: Images • Notes on: Theodore Roosevelt as a Progressive • Closing Activity: Quotes • Review

2. Images

7. Notes

8. Theodore Roosevelt -rose steadily through gov’tranks -Spanish American War Rough Riders – Volunteer Cavalry Brigade -Gov. of NY reform governor 3 terms NY State Assembly, Police Commissioner, Assistant Secretary to the Navy -Vice President of William McKinley -Became President with McKinley’s assassination Youngest President ever at 42 y/o.

9. Square Deal -”hit the line hard” -Presidency as the “bully pulpit” Influence news media and shape legislation he serves as the protector of the people Do whatever needs to be done as long as it doesn’t go against the Constitution -Square Deal was his program to fix the evils of society National Agenda for govt. interventions for reform in domestic affairs -”politics is the art of the possible” -”speak softly and carry a big stick”

10. Gov’t Involvement -1902 coal strike mine owners refused to bargain 140,000 workers on strike for: 20% raise, 9 hr. workday, and the right to organize a union and create a closed shop. -strike threaten fuel needs of the nation 5 mo. into the strike reserves are running low -Roosevelt had both groups to meet and go to arbitration Met at the White House and then went to a formed Commission for arbitration -set an example of Presidents mediating conflicts If a strike threatens public welfare than the Fed. Govt. will intervene

11. Trustbusting -trusts controlled 4/5 of industry Legal bodies who hold stock in many companies -Roosevelt believed in good and bad trusts Bad trusts – those who use unfair practices to beat out the competition -several trusts were broken and real gov’t regulation began Used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) – vague language had paused its success -RR regulation Northern Securities v. US Monopoly over NW railroads – company was dissolved by the Supreme Court

12. Trustbusting -trusts controlled 4/5 of industry Legal bodies who hold stock in many companies -Roosevelt believed in good and bad trusts Bad trusts – those who use unfair practices to beat out the competition -several trusts were broken and real gov’t regulation began Used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) – vague language had paused its success -RR regulation Northern Securities v. US Monopoly over NW railroads – company was dissolved by the Supreme Court

13. Trustbusting -trusts controlled 4/5 of industry Legal bodies who hold stock in many companies -Roosevelt believed in good and bad trusts Bad trusts – those who use unfair practices to beat out the competition -several trusts were broken and real gov’t regulation began Used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) – vague language had paused its success -RR regulation Northern Securities v. US Monopoly over NW railroads – company was dissolved by the Supreme Court

14. Trustbusting -trusts controlled 4/5 of industry Legal bodies who hold stock in many companies -Roosevelt believed in good and bad trusts Bad trusts – those who use unfair practices to beat out the competition -several trusts were broken and real gov’t regulation began Used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) – vague language had paused its success -RR regulation Northern Securities v. US Monopoly over NW railroads – company was dissolved by the Supreme Court

15. Trustbusting -trusts controlled 4/5 of industry Legal bodies who hold stock in many companies -Roosevelt believed in good and bad trusts Bad trusts – those who use unfair practices to beat out the competition -several trusts were broken and real gov’t regulation began Used the Sherman Anti-Trust Act (1890) – vague language had paused its success -RR regulation Northern Securities v. US Monopoly over NW railroads – company was dissolved by the Supreme Court

16. The Jungle -written by Upton Sinclair -muckraking novel -meant to expose the conditions of immigrants -impact of novel was the description of meatpacking industry After reading The Jungle Roosevelt responded to the publics’ cry for action

17. Gov’t Action -investigated Sinclair’s claims Found out to be completely true by Commission – backs up Sinclair’s findings -passed Meat Inspection Act, 1906 Strict cleanliness requirements for meat packers and created the federal meat inspection program -later passage of Pure Food and Drug Act Did not ban harmful products outright, but made it a requirement to have truthful, accurate information -FDA - Food and Drug Administration – Dept. of Agri.

18. Conservation -Roosevelt did not view resources as endless - industry was consuming large portions of natural resources -pollution was destroying waterways 1.5 mil. Acres of water-power sites, 80 mil. Of water and mineral resources, 50 wildlife sanctuaries -established several national parks -set aside large portions of forestlands -Gifford Pinchot – head of U.S. Forest Service -development of land for the common good but others are preserved for wilderness

19. Conservation -Roosevelt did not view resources as endless - industry was consuming large portions of natural resources -pollution was destroying waterways 1.5 mil. Acres of water-power sites, 80 mil. Of water and mineral resources, 50 wildlife sanctuaries -established several national parks -set aside large portions of forestlands -Gifford Pinchot – head of U.S. Forest Service -development of land for the common good but others are preserved for wilderness

20. Civil Rights -Progressive era as a whole ignored the needs of minorities Supported individuals, not the general whole. Would appoint some African Americans to significant positions – Charleston, S.C. – Customs House -Booker T. Washington Invited to dinner at the White House – symbolic gesture – Washington was blamed by DuBois for accommodating segregation and accepting discrimination -W.E.B. DuBois – Biggest critic of Washington – “The Souls of Black Folk” is a book solely in opposition to Washington NAACP – received little support during the Progressive Era

21. Quotes

22. Quotes • “In life, as in a football game, the principle to follow is: Hit the line hard.” Theodore Roosevelt • “It is the duty of the President to act upon the theory that he is the steward of the people, and…to assume that he has the legal right to do whatever the needs of the people demand, unless the Constitution or the laws explicitly forbid him to do it.” Theodore Roosevelt • “The man who advocates destroying the trusts by measures which would paralyze the industries of the country is at least a quack, and at worst an enemy of the Republic.” Theodore Roosevelt • “We recognize and are bound to war against the evils of today.” Theodore Roosevelt

23. Quotes • “Thousands of … over civilized people are beginning to find out that going to the mountains is going home.” John Muir • “In the interest of the public, the Government should have the right to inspect and examine the workings of the great corporations engaged in interstate business… • The first requisite is knowledge, full and complete-knowledge which may be public to the world….” Theodore Roosevelt • These temple destroyers, devotees of ravaging commercialism seem to have a perfect contempt for Nature, and instead of lifting their eyes to the God of the Mountains, lift them to the Almighty Dollar. John Muir (1912)(Page 1)

24. QUIZ

25. What conflict first made Roosevelt famous?

26. Under the influence of men such as Gifford Pinchot and John Muir, Roosevelt was the first President to show concern for the?

27. What was the phrase Roosevelt found to describe his method of accomplishing goals?

28. Name the platform that Roosevelt would use to describe his policies of fairness?

29. Name the muckraking novel which exposed conditions in meat packing plants?

30. How did Rooseveltbecome President?

31. Roosevelt has become known as the President who went after these types of businesses which controlled much of America?

32. In what major strike did Roosevelt intervene and actually side with labor?