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World Diabetes Day 2018 -2019 Families and Diabetes

World Diabetes Day 2018 -2019 Families and Diabetes The role of P hysical A ctivity to prevent and manage Diabetes. About IDF Europe.

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World Diabetes Day 2018 -2019 Families and Diabetes

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  1. World Diabetes Day 2018 -2019 Families and Diabetes The role of Physical Activity to prevent and manage Diabetes

  2. About IDF Europe • We are an umbrella organisation representing 69 national diabetes associations in 44 countries across Europe. We represent both people living with diabetes and healthcare professionals.

  3. Burden of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) in Europe 86% of the deaths + 77% of the disease burden in Europe Major NCDs (diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and mental disorders) NCDs costs the EU €115 billion (0.8% of GDP) per year

  4. Diabetes in Europe: the facts Trends 53 million in 2011 (8.1% of the population) 56,3 million in 2013 (8.5% of the population) 59,8 million in 2015 (9.1% of the population) • 66 million people (9.1% of the population) in Europe live with diabetes • Expected to rise to 81 million in 2045 unless we act now • 1/3 of people with diabetes are undiagnosed • 2017 diabetes caused 693,300 deaths •  € 159 billion was spent on treating diabetes in 2017 • Europe has the highest prevalence of type 1 diabetes in children in the world Source: IDF Diabetes Atlas, 7th edition, 2017 https://www.idf.org/e-library/epidemiology-research/diabetes-atlas.html

  5. Types of Diabetes Source: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes

  6. What is Type 2 Diabetes (T2D)? “Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a progressive disorder defined by deficits in insulin secretion and action that lead to abnormal glucose metabolism and related metabolic derangements.”  (Meigs JB, Muller DC, Nathan DM, et al. The natural history of progression from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging. Diabetes. 2003 Jun;52(6):1475-84.)

  7. Stages of T2D Source: Steyn NP et al, Diet,nutrition and the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Public Health Nutrition: 7(1A), 147-165.

  8. Stages of T2D

  9. Common Symptoms of T2D Peeing more than often Feeling thirsty Wounds slow in healing Feeling very tired Blurred vision Source: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/

  10. Stigma of Diabetes Do you think ‘xxx’ is a serious condition? (Diabetes UK, 2018) Diabetes Cancer

  11. Testing Your Knowledge of Diabetes • People with Diabetes often lose their sense of smell- TRUE / FALSE FALSE • Hair loss can indicate whether or not you have diabetes- TRUE / FALSE FALSE More questions: http://discoverdiabetes.idf.org/#result Source: http://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diabetes

  12. Consequences of T2D • Possible complications: • Eye problem (retinopathy) • Kidney problems (nephropathy) • Nerve damage (neuropathy) Source: https://www.diabetes.org.uk/guide-to-diabetes/complications

  13. Prevention is Better Than Cure

  14. Genetics and Family History • Diabetes: a highly complex metabolic disease • Immediate family member with T2D: 3X more likely to develop T2D • Certain genes known to put you at risk: iePPARγ, ABCC8 • Ethnicity can play a role i.e. South Asian population Source: http://www.who.int/genomics/about/Diabetis-fin.pdf

  15. Genetics and Family History • Testing your Risk of Diabetes • Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISC) https://www.idf.org/type-2-diabetes-risk-assessment/

  16. Diet and Nutrition Sources:https://www.safefood.eu/Healthy-Eating/What-is-a-balanced-diet/The-Food-Pyramid.aspx https://www.gezondleven.be/themas/voeding/voedingsdriehoek https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/the-eatwell-guide/

  17. Diet and Nutrition “Balanced Diet” • Even if you have diabetes, there is NO food that you cannot eat • Keep sugar, fat and salt in moderate consumption • Replace sweetened beverages with water Sources:https://www.safefood.eu/Healthy-Eating/What-is-a-balanced-diet/The-Food-Pyramid.aspx https://www.gezondleven.be/themas/voeding/voedingsdriehoek https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/the-eatwell-guide/

  18. TIPS of eating out • Have a light, nutritious snack — such as a piece of fruit or a glass of fat-free milk — an hour before your meal to avoid eating too much at the restaurant • Ordermore plant-basedfoods • Eat slowly for better digestion • Watch out for alcoholicbeverages Source: http://diet.mayoclinic.org/diet/eat/healthy-eating-tips-for-dining-out

  19. Physical (In)activity?!

  20. General suggestions • Increase physical activity (moderate or greater level of intensity) to at least 1h every day for most days of the week • Vigorous activity is required to reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes Steyn NP et al, Diet, nutrition and the prevention of type 2 diabetes, Public Health Nutrition: 7(1A), 147-165

  21. Obesity/Overweight • Body Mass Index (kg/m2) • Waist circumference • Important risk factor for T2D • England: Currently 90% of adults with type 2 diabetes are overweight or obese  a 5% reduction in body weight + regular moderate intensity exercise: can reduce >50% T2D risk Sources: Public Health England, Adult Obesity of Type 2 Diabetes, 2014 (https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/338934/Adult_obesity_and_type_2_diabetes_.pdf) https://www.diabetes.co.uk/diabetes-and-obesity.html

  22. New study from Scotland • ‘Cycling to Work Could Cut Obesity-Related Mortality’ (European Conference on Obesity, 28 April 2019) • Data analysis of 160,000 UK participants • Commuted by car, on foot, or on a bike • Effect of reduced cardiovascular diseases risks: Bike>on foot>Car • Intensity of commuting

  23. Points to note – commuting by bike • Slowly build up your intensity: Twice a week  4 times a week • Be creative. Bike + public transport • Road safety

  24. Mental Health and Diabetes Figure 1 STRESS Source: Canadian Journal of Diabetes 2013 37, S87-S92DOI: (10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.01.026) Canadian Journal of Diabetes 2013 37, S87-S92DOI: (10.1016/j.jcjd.2013.01.026)

  25. Individual  Family

  26. Every individual is different; so as every family • Family history: at risk ≠ 100% will get T2D • Dietary pattern • Work-life balance

  27. Role of a T2D diabetes carer Potential challenges Small ideas Use your first hand experiences Build trust, NOT dependence Self-care Get your flu shots! …… • Living with diabetes: 24/7 job • Co-morbidities • Motivation and control • Strains on relationships Sources: https://www.diabetesaustralia.com.au/for-family-and-carers https://www.diabetes.co.uk/Diabetes-and-the-family.html

  28. Perception of T2D

  29. Conclusions • Behavioural change can be challenging  reach out for help • Small steps  Big difference • Prevention of T2D: mission of a lifetime • Choosing the right sources of info

  30. THANK YOU! Questions? winne.ko@idf-europe.org ernest.karuranga@idf-europe.org Erin.vera@idf-europe.org

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