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Livestock

Livestock. Livestock are domesticated animals raised in agricultural setting to produce commodities such as food , fiber, & labor . . Impact of livestock sector on Pakistan economy.

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Livestock

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  1. Livestock Livestock are domesticated animals raised in agricultural setting to produce commodities such as food, fiber, &labor.

  2. Impact of livestock sector on Pakistan economy • Agriculture sector contributes 23% to 25% of GDP of Pakistan of which 47% to 50% is shared by Livestock. It means livestock directly contributes ~13% of GDP. • Pakistan has tremendous potential in the field of dairy farming, dairy products, poultry, fisheries, food processing and drug development/testing etc. • Livestock sector employs 35 million people and produces almost $ 500 million products.

  3. Global farming system

  4. Veterinary Medicine • Veterinary medicineis the branch of science that deals with the application of medical, surgical, public health, dental, diagnostic, and therapeutic principles to non-human animals, including wildlife and domesticated animals (livestock, working animals and companion animals). • Veterinary science helps human health through the monitoring and control of zoonotic disease (infectious disease transmitted from non-human animals to humans) and veterinary scientists often collaborate with virologists, epidemiologists and biotechnologists etc.

  5. Existing Veterinary Universities /Colleges in Pakistan

  6. Black gold of Pakistan Nili Ravi Kundi

  7. Cattle Red Sindhi Sahiwal

  8. Cattle Dhanni Bhagnari

  9. Cattle Rojhan Lohani

  10. Cattle Tharparker Cholistani

  11. Cattle Kankerj Dajjal

  12. The Poultry Industry One of the fastest growing segments of the animal industry

  13. Modern Breed of chickens Single Comb White leghorn

  14. Modern Breed of chickens Single Rhode Island Red

  15. Modern Breed of chickens New Hampshire

  16. Modern Breed of chickens White Plymouth Rock

  17. Modern Breed of chickens Cornish

  18. Modern Breed of chickens Barred Plymouth Rock

  19. Modern Breed of chickens Light Sussex

  20. Modern Breed of chickens White leg horn

  21. Poultry Broiler Layer

  22. Poultry Desi Breed Desi Breed

  23. Chicken Anatomy

  24. Chicken Digestive system

  25. Chicken Respiratory system

  26. Chicken Respiratory system

  27. The Broiler Industry • Today, almost all of the poultry is raised in large operations • The term broiler refers to chickens which are about 7-8 weeks of age and are raised for meat. • Generally lighted 24 hours a day • Helps cut down on cannibalism • Process begins with the production of eggs that will be hatched into chicks. • Parents are selected from breeds that are large and muscular • Most are hybrids derived from mating of different breeds • usually mated through artificial insemination results in hybrid vigor

  28. Egg Production • Eggs are expelled from the hens body and the embryo develops outside the mother’s body. • Eggs are encased in a hard shell and can weigh several ounces • Process begins with the release of the ovum (yolk) from the ovary • If the female has been mated, the ovum will be fertilized within the infundibulum. • The albumin or white of the egg is secreted by cells in the magnum. • Chalazae is formed, It is a ropelike substance which holds the yolk in place in the center of the egg.

  29. Egg Production • Inner and outer shell membranes are formed in the isthmus • The shell is formed in the uterus • In 18-20 hours the shell is completed and moves to the vagina and out of the hens body. • Some facilities collect eggs with the use of a conveyor belt • The egg rolls out of the nest box and onto the belt • Eggs must be kept clean and free from contamination

  30. Egg hatching • Eggs are stored at 70-80 degrees until being placed in the hatchery • within 48 hours after incubation begins the embryo has developed a circulatory system • Circulatory system sustains life by carrying nourishment from the yolk to the embryo • Eggs are turned at least two times per day • Turning eggs keeps the embryo from sticking to the inside of the shell • By the end of the first week, embryos are recognizable as chickens

  31. STRESSORS Mold & Mycotoxins NH3/H2S Dust Heat Cold Poor Ventilation Vaccination Parasites Rough Handling Loud Noises Bacteria Viruses Protozoa Poor Sanitation Humidity Beak Trimming Weighing Dirty Water Pecking Order Nutritional Deficiencies Molting Crowding Feed Restriction Poor Litter Quality

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