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Disorders of auditory processing DAY 21 – Oct 15, 2013

Disorders of auditory processing DAY 21 – Oct 15, 2013. Brain & Language LING 4110-4890-5110-7960 NSCI 4110-4891-6110 Harry Howard Tulane University. Course organization. The syllabus, these slides and my recordings are available at http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/LING4110/ .

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Disorders of auditory processing DAY 21 – Oct 15, 2013

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  1. Disorders of auditory processingDAY 21 – Oct 15, 2013 Brain & Language LING 4110-4890-5110-7960 NSCI 4110-4891-6110 Harry Howard Tulane University

  2. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Course organization • The syllabus, these slides and my recordings are available at http://www.tulane.edu/~howard/LING4110/. • If you want to learn more about EEG and neurolinguistics, you are welcome to participate in my lab. This is also a good way to get started on an honor's thesis. • The grades are posted to Blackboard.

  3. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Review and some new stuff

  4. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Agnosia • An impairment in which a patient fails to recognize a stimulus • in a sensory modality, although perception in the modality is unimpaired. • By “perception”, we mean the subcortical processing of the modality.

  5. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Summary

  6. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University More about auditory processing Ingram §8

  7. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Dorsal vs. ventral processing

  8. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Dorsal ~ ventral?

  9. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University What's this?

  10. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Dorsal ~ ventral streams in vision

  11. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Hickok & Poeppel'smodel on the brain Dorsal Ventral

  12. What/Ventral: sound-meaning interface maps sound onto meaning includes superior temporal sulcus and ultimately the posterior inferior temporal lobe (portions of the middle temporal gyrus and inferior temporal gyrus) strongly lateralized to LH Where/Dorsal: auditory-motor interface maps sound onto representations of speech articulators deep within the posterior aspect of Sylvian fissure at the boundary between the parietal and temporal lobes: area Spt (Sylvian – parietal – temporal) the Spt projects to Broca's area, the motor face area, and a more dorsal premotor site less strongly lateralized to LH Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Hickok & Poeppel’slocalization of speech Early speech perception involves auditory-responsive fields in the superior temporal gyrus (STG) bilaterally

  13. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Hickok & Poeppel’smodel in boxes

  14. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Hickok & Poeppel’smodel, an example [kæt]

  15. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Recall the TRACE II modelit may be a model of the dorsal stream

  16. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Mirror neurons

  17. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Monkey see monkey do

  18. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Imitation

  19. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Mirror neurons Example of a F5 mirror neuron selectively discharging … during observation of a grasping movement done by the experimenter and during monkey grasping movements. Arrows denote the onset of the movement. Six trials are shown for each condition.

  20. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Monkey vs. human brains

  21. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University What does this have to do with speech? • Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) causes neurons in the neocortex under the site of stimulation to depolarize and discharge an action potential. • If used in the primary motor cortex, it produces muscle activity referred to as a motor evoked potential (MEP) which can be recorded on electromyography. • Ingram discusses two experiments that suggest that listening to speech activates speech-related motor corticesby enhancing LH MEPs under TMS > Hickok & Poepel's area Spt

  22. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University Disturbances in accessing the recognition lexicon • Read Ingram.

  23. Brain & Language - Harry Howard - Tulane University NEXT TIME Start Ingram §9. ☞ Go over questions at end of chapter.

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