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Higher Still Multiple Choice

Higher Still Multiple Choice. Mechanics 1.3 Pressure and Gases. 1. A rectangular block of wood of mass 200 kg has dimensions of 2 m by 1 m by 0.1 m. The greatest pressure which the block can exert when lying on a flat level surface is. 1 x 10 2 Pa 1 x 10 3 Pa 2 x 10 3 Pa

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Higher Still Multiple Choice

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  1. Higher Still Multiple Choice Mechanics 1.3 Pressure and Gases

  2. 1. A rectangular block of wood of mass 200 kg has dimensions of 2 m by 1 m by 0.1 m. The greatest pressure which the block can exert when lying on a flat level surface is • 1 x 10 2 Pa • 1 x 10 3 Pa • 2 x 10 3 Pa • 1 x 10 4 Pa • 2 x 10 4 Pa

  3. A solid cylinder of mass 20 kg has a flat base of area 0.1 m 2 in contact with the level table on which it rests. The pressure exerted on the table by the cylinder resting in the position shown is • 2 Pa • 20 Pa • 200 Pa • 2000 Pa • 20000 Pa

  4. A vessel of cross-sectional area A contains a liquid of density  . At point X, a distance h below the surface, the pressure due to the liquid is •  g / A •  h • hg / A •  h / g •  hg

  5. A flat-bottomed can of weight 5 N floats with its bottom 0.10 m below the surface of a liquid of density 1.0 x 10 3 kg m -3 . If it is to float at the same depth in a liquid of density 1.2 x 10 3 kg m -3 , a weight of • 1.0 N should be added • 1.0 N should be removed • 0.83 N should be added • 0.83 N should be removed • 0.60 N should be added

  6. Five liquids of different density are contained in separate, identical tubes. The density of each liquid is given in the diagram. In which tube is the pressure greatest at point X?

  7. The glass beaker shown below contains a liquid of density  and surface area A.Which of the following is/are true about the pressure, caused by the liquid, at depth d below the surface? I The pressure varies directly as the surface area A. II The pressure varies directly as the liquid density  . III The pressure varies inversely as the depth d. • I only • II only • III only • I and II only • II and III only

  8. The low density of gases is best explained by • low speed of gas molecules • wide spacing between gas molecules • small diameter of gas molecules • small mass of gas molecules • large volume of gas molecules

  9. When a substance changes from liquid to gas at atmospheric pressure, its density changes by a factor of • 10 -5 • 10 -4 • 10 -3 • 10 -2 • 10 -1

  10. Which of the following gives the approximate spacing of molecules in solid, liquid and gaseous states of water? The molecular spacing in the solid is d. • d d 10d • d 3d d • d 3d 3d • d 10d 10d • d d 1000d Solid Liquid Water Ice Water Vapour

  11. A fixed mass of gas condenses at atmospheric pressure to form a liquid. By how much does its density increase and by how much does the spacing between its molecules decrease? • 10 times 2 times • 100 times 10 times • 1000 times 10 times • 1000000 times 100 times • 1000000 times 1000 times Approximate Approximate increase in decrease in density spacing between molecules

  12. A sample of oxygen gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure occupies a volume of 1 x 10 5 litres. The temperature and pressure are now altered until all the gas has been liquefied. The volume of liquid oxygen produced is approximately • 1 x 10 2 litres • 1 x 10 3 litres • 1 x 10 4 litres • 1 x 10 5 litres • 1 x 10 6 litres

  13. At standard temperature and pressure, approximately what volume of gaseous carbon dioxide would be formed from 1 cm3 of solid carbon dioxide? • 10 cm3 • 10 2 cm3 • 10 3 cm3 • 10 4 cm3 • 10 5 cm3

  14. If p is the pressure of a gas and V is its volume, in what unit could the quantity pV be measured? • newton • watt • newton metre -1 • newton second • joule

  15. In a gas, which physical quantity, averaged over all the molecules, is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas? • Mass • Speed • Weight • Momentum • Kinetic Energy

  16. The Kelvin temperature of a gas varies directly as • the average momentum of the molecules • the average inertia of the molecules • the average velocity of the molecules • the average kinetic energy of the molecules • the average potential energy of the molecules

  17. A temperature - 20°C is equivalent to • 353 K • 293 K • 253 K • 20 K • -253 K

  18. A liquid is heated from 17°C to 50°C. The temperature rise, on the Kelvin scale is • 33 K • 67 K • 306 K • 340 K • 579 K

  19. Which of the following is not consistent with the kinetic theory of an ideal gas? • The molecules occupy a small fraction of the volume of the container • The molecules collide inelastically • The temperature gives a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules • The gas pressure is due to molecular collisions • The attractive forces between the molecules are negligible.

  20. The kinetic theory idea of temperature of a body is that it • measures the degree of randomness of the motion of the particles • is equal to the average momentum of the particles • is equal to the average speed of the particles • is related to the average kinetic energy of the particles • is equal to the total kinetic energy of the particles.

  21. The pressure of a gas can be affected by factors such as its mass, its density, its volume and its temperature. Pressure is inversely proportional to volume if • mass alone is constant • density alone is constant • temperature alone is constant • mass and density alone are constant • mass and temperature alone are constant.

  22. The pressure on a fixed mass of a gas is doubled at the same time that its Kelvin temperature is doubled. Its volume will now be • one quarter as great • half as great • the same as before • twice as great • four times as great.

  23. A sealed container of gas is heated from 300 K to 600 K. What is the effect on the molecules of the gas? • the average speed is quadrupled • the average kinetic energy is quadrupled • the average speed is doubled • the average momentum is doubled • the average kinetic energy is doubled

  24. During an experiment involving a fixed mass of gas, the Kelvin temperature is trebled and the volume is doubled. Due to these changes, the pressure of the gas is • 1/4 of its original value • 2/3 of its original value • 1 1/2 times its original value • 1 2/3 times its original value • 6 times its original value.

  25. The volume of a certain mass of air at 27°C is 3 m3 . If the temperature is increased to 127°C without changing the pressure, the new volume of the air will be • 2 1/4 m3 • 3 m3 • 4 m3 • 13 m3 • 15 m3.

  26. The pressure-volume graph describes the behaviour of a constant mass of gas as it is heated. Which of the diagrams below shows the corresponding pressure-temperature graph? (Where pressure (P) is in kPa and temperature (T) is in K).

  27. The temperature of a trapped gas is altered, keeping the pressure constant. Which graph correctly represents the variation of volume with temperature?

  28. The graph showing the relationship between pressure and volume for a fixed mass of ideal gas when the temperature is kept constant is

  29. Which of the following graphs shows the relationship between the volume of an enclosed mass of ideal gas and its temperature when the pressure is kept constant?

  30. Which of the following graphs illustrates the correct relationship between pressure P and volume V for a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?

  31. Gas in a cylinder is at room temperature and its pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure. Some of the gas is released into the atmosphere and the cylinder is then resealed. What would a graph of pressure (P)-volume (V) for the gas in the cylinder look like while the gas is being released?

  32. Graphs X and Y show the pressure (P), volume (V) and temperature (T) of a fixed mass of gas during an experiment in which the gas starts with the conditions shown at point 1 and undergoes changes to the conditions shown at point 2.Which of the following statements is/are correct? I The gas expands according to Boyles Law (pressure- volume law) II The gas is compressed at constant temperature III The pressure decrease at constant temperature. • I only • III only • I and II only • I and III only • II and III only

  33. A diver’s air cylinder has a capacity of 0.06 m3 . 4.0 m3 of air with a density of 1.44 kg m-3 is compressed into it. What is the density of the air in the cylinder? • 0.02 kg m -3 • 0.17 kg m -3 • 5.76 kg m -3 • 6.00 kg m -3 • 96.0 kg m -3

  34. The pressure gauge on an oxygen cylinder of capacity 0.1 m3 reads 1.0 x 10 7 Pa. The density of oxygen at atmospheric pressure (1.0 x 10 7 Pa) is 1.4 kg m-3 . Assuming that the temperature remains constant, what is the density of the oxygen in the cylinder? • 0.14 kg m -3 • 1.4 kg m -3 • 14 kg m -3 • 140 kg m -3 • 1400 kg m -3

  35. After a car has been parked in the sun for some time, it is found that the pressure in the tyres has increased. This is because • the volume occupied by the air molecules in the tyres has increased • the force produced by the air molecules in the tyres acts over a smaller area • the average spacing between the air molecules in the tyres has increased • the increased temperature has made the air molecules in the tyres expand • the air molecules in the tyres are moving with greater kinetic energy

  36. Air is enclosed in a cylinder by a gas- tight piston which can move freely in the cylinder. The cross- sectional area of the piston is 3 x 10-3 m2. When the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, the piston, when no force acts, settles 8 cm from the end of the cylinder (fig. 1). It is then slowly pulled out until it is 16 cm from the end of the cylinder (fig. 2). Assuming no change in temperature, the force F required to hold the piston in this new position is • 150 N • 200 N • 300 N • 450 N • 600 N

  37. Flasks X, Y and Z have the same volumes. Y contains air at a pressure of 600 kPa. X and Z have been evacuated and the taps are closed. Tap 1 is now opened, followed a short time later by Tap 2. Assuming that the temperature changes are negligible, the pressures in kPa in flask Y become respectively • 600 300 • 600 200 • 300 200 • 300 150 • 300 100 Tap 1 open Tap 1 and 2 open

  38. A rectangular box of mass 10 kg is lying on a flat surface on a planet where the gravitational field strength is 4 N kg -1 . The base of the box measures 4 m by 2 m.Which of the following statements is/are correct ? I The weight of the box is 100 N. II The weight of the box is 40 N. III The pressure which the box exerts on the flat surface is 5 Pa. • I only • II only • III only • I and III only • II and III only

  39. The end of a bicycle pump is sealed with a small rubber stopper. The air in chamber C is now trapped. The plunger is then pushed in slowly, causing the air in the chamber C to be compressed. As a result of this, the pressure of the air increases . Which of the following explain(s) why the pressure increases, assuming that the temperature remains constant? I The air molecules increase their average speed . II The air molecules are colliding more often with the walls of the chamber. III Each air molecule is striking the walls of the chamber with greater force. • II only • III only • I and II only • I and III only • E I, II and III

  40. An aircraft cruises at an altitude at which the air pressure is 0.4 x 10 5 Pa. The inside of the aircraft cabin is maintained at a pressure of 1.0 x 10 5 Pa. The area of an external cabin door is 2 m 2 . What is the outward force produced on this door by the pressures stated? • 0.3 x 10 5 N • 0.7 x 10 5 N • 1.2 x 10 5 N • 2.0 x 10 5 N • 2.8 x 10 5 N

  41. A small metal block is suspended from a spring balance at a depth h below the surface of a liquid in a large beaker. Which of the following statements is/are true? I The reading on the spring balance depends on the density of the liquid in the beaker. II The reading on the spring balance is equal to the upthrust of the liquid on the metal block. III The reading on the spring balance will increase as the depth h is increased. • I only • II only • III only • I and II only • I and III only

  42. Which of the following gives the approximate relative spacings of molecules in ice, water and water vapour? • 1 1 10 • 1 3 1 • 1 3 3 • 1 10 10 • 3 1 10 Molecular Molecular Molecular spacing in spacing in spacing in water ice/units water / units vapour/ units

  43. Which pair of graphs correctly shows how the pressure produced by a liquid depends on the depth and the density of the liquid?

  44. A spacecraft of mass 1200 kg has landed on a planet where the gravitational field strength is 5 N kg-l . The spacecraft rests on three pads, each of contact area 0.5 m 2 . The pressure exerted by these three pads on the surface of the planet is • 8.0 x 10 2 Pa • 4.0 x 10 3 Pa • 7.8 x 10 3 Pa • 9.0 x 10 3 Pa • 1.2 x 10 4 Pa.

  45. A girl wrote the following statements in her notebook. I The pressure of a fixed mass of gas varies inversely as its volume, provided the temperature of the gas remains constant. II The pressure of a fixed mass of gas varies directly as its kelvin temperature, provided the volume of the gas remains constant. III A temperature change of 20°C in a gas is the same as a temperature change of 293 K. Which of the above statements is/are correct? • I only • II only • III only • I and II only • II and III only

  46. The pressure-volume graph below describes the behaviour of a constant mass of gas when it is heated. Which of the following shows the corresponding pressure- temperature graph?

  47. On a cold morning, a motorist checks the pressure of the air in one of her car tyres. It is found to be 3.0 x 10 5 Pa at a temperature of 2 °C. After a long run on a motorway, the temperature of the air in the tyre rises to 57 °C. The volume of the air in the tyre remains constant and no air escapes. Which row in the following table gives the correct value of the final pressure of the air in the tyre and a correct statement about the final density of the air in the tyre compared to the initial density? • 8.6 x 10 6 Pa greater • 8.6 x 10 6 Pa same • 8.6 x 10 6 Pa less • 3.6 x 10 6 Pa same • 3.6 x 10 5 Pa less Final pressure Final density of air of air

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