Application of Conditioning to the Study of Drug Addiction

1. Application of Conditioning to the Study of Drug Addiction

2. Conditioned Place Preference with drugs of abuse uses Pavlovian conditioning procedures CS * UCS R CS R e.g. Light Stimulus*Drug approach response Light Stimulus approach response Self-Administration of drugs of abuse uses Instrumental conditioning procedures R SR e.g. Lever press response drug delivery

3. Conditioned Place Preference stay Drug-injected Not Drug-injected don’t stay Pre-conditioning Preference Tests Days 1 and 2 Conditioning Sessions Days 3-10 Post-conditioning Preference Tests Days 11 and 14

4. Intravenous Cocaine Self-Administration

6. Some drugs that are self-administered by laboratory animals Stimulants Narcotics Anxiolytics Other Fentanyl Cocaine Phencyclidine (PCP) Chlordiazepoxide d-Amphetamine Heroin Diazepam Nicotine Methylphenidate Codeine Pentobarbital Ethanol Ketamine Methamphetamine Methadone D9 THC Morphine

8. Self-Administration Model of Relapse incorporates both Instrumental and Pavlovian Conditioning No Cocaine and No Cues Cocaine Cues Alone Cocaine + Cocaine Cues

9. Cue-Induced Relapse to Cocaine-Seeking Behavior

10. Amygdalaactivated Amygdalanot lit up Front of Brain Back of Brain Nature Video Cocaine Video Childress et al 1999 Cocaine Cue-Induce Craving

11. Grant et al 1996 Cocaine Cue-Induce Craving

12. In the laboratory...... • Study the brain sites that mediate conditioned relapse-like behavior • Determine the molecules that give rise to conditioned relapse-like behavior • (e.g., genes; proteins) • Test medications that may reduce conditioned relapse-like behavior • Study the consequences of conditioned drug use • (e.g., neurocognitive; brain plasticity changes)