Introduction to Vet Science

1. Introduction to Vet Science Safety & Sanitation

2. Objectives • GOAL 1 • Students will gain an understanding of the types of hazards common in the veterinary hospital and the organization that regulates safety standards in the workplace. They will be able to read an MSDS and locate important safety information within it. • GOAL 2 • Students will learn how to protect themselves from potential hazards in the workplace. They will be able to describe the correct methods of protection given scenarios describing hazardous situations. • GOAL 3 • Students will investigate the differences between sanitation, disinfection, and sterilization, and be able to relate which cleaning method should be used in any given situation.

3. A Day in the Life • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ChFdU1Jqti4&feature=related

4. What are some potential hazards of being a veterinarian? Get with a partner and create a list of as many hazards you can think of! You have 2 minutes….GO! 

5. Hazards • Animals • Bites • Scratches • Waste • Hazardous Chemicals • X-rays

6. What organization helps ensure safe and healthful working conditions?

7. OSHA • In order to “assure safe and healthful working conditions for working men and women” • Occupational Health and Safety Act • 1970 • Occupational Safety and Health Administration • Monitor employee safety • Protect employees from injury • HCS (Hazard Communication Standard) • Must label chemicals • Flammable • Corrosive • Poisonous • Provide MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet)

8. MSDSMaterial Safety Data Sheet • Includes 8 sections: • Manufacturer Information • Hazard Ingredients/ Identity Information • Physical/ Chemical Characteristics • Fire and Explosion Hazard Data • Reactivity Data • Health Hazard Data • Precautions for Safe Handling and Use • Control Measures

9. Types of Safety Hazards • Physical Hazards • Chemicals Hazards • Biological Hazards • Zoonotic Hazards

10. Physical Hazards • Animal injuries – bites, kicking, scratches • Back injuries – improperly lifting heavy objects or animals • Falls on wet floors • Exposure to x-rays

11. Chemical Hazards • Drugs • Cleaning agents • Insecticides • Anesthetic gases Many hazardous chemicals are routinely used in veterinary hospitals.

12. Biological hazards • Living tissue and organisms • Blood • Urine • Live vaccines • Medical waste that has had contact with living tissue (urine soaked blankets, bandage material, etc.) • Needles and scalpels “Sharps”

13. Viruses Rabies (Hydrophobia) Sleeping Sickness (Encephalitis) Bacteria Cat Scratch Fever Leptospirosis Salmonellosis Brucellosis Anthrax Tuberculosis Parasites Sarcoptic mange Toxoplasmosis Visceral Larva Migrans (Toxocariasis) Creeping Eruption (Ancylostomiasis) Fungus Ringworm Zoonotic hazards

14. Activity #1 Analysis of MSDS Sheet

15. Safety signs & equipment Radioactive Danger Biohazard Wet Floor Lead Gloves Dosimeter Back Brace Lead Apron Safety & Sanitation TM

17. Handling and Restraint • Most injuries animal related • Bitten or kicked • Knowing proper handling & restraint methods help reduce injuries • Practice on healthy & docile animals

18. Practice Common Cat Restraints

19. Drug Use and Safety • Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act • Passed in 1970 • Regulates manufacture and distribution of drugs • Places drugs into one of five schedules • Kept locked • Only approved people have access

20. Drug Fedules • Schedule I:no medical use – high abuse • Heroin, Methaqualone, LSD, Peyote, Psilocybin, Marijuana, Hashish, Hash Oil, amphetamine variants. • Schedule II:accepted medical use – high abuse • Dilaudid, Demerol, Methadone, Cocaine, PCP, Morphine, and cannabis, amphetamine and barbiturate types. • Schedule III: accepted medical use – medium abuse • Opium, Vicodan, Tylenol w/codine, and narcotic, amphetamine and barbiturate types. • Schedule IV:accepted medical use – low abuse • Darvocet, Xanax, Valium, Halcyon, Ambien, Ativan, barbiturate types. • Schedule V:accepted medical use – very low abuse • Lomotil, Phenergan, liquid suspensions. Safety & Sanitation TM

21. What is sanitation? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MkajGwaKtUc

22. Sanitation • Process of keeping something free of any elements that would endanger health • Several methods used • Cleaning • Disinfecting • Sterilizing • Antiseptics

23. Types of Sanitation • Cleaning –physically removing all visible signs of dirt and organic matter such as feces, blood, hair, etc. • Disinfecting –destroying most microorganisms on nonliving things by physical or chemical means • Sterilizing – destroying ALL microorganisms and viruses on an object using chemicals and/or heat under pressure • Antiseptics – solutions that destroy microorganisms or inhibit their growth on living tissue Safety & Sanitation TM

24. Alcohols – ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethanol Aldehydes – gluteraldehyde, formaldehyde Chlorine – bleach Iodine and Iodophors – Betadine, iodine Quaternary ammonias – Centrimide, Quatsyl-D Commonly Used chemicals Safety & Sanitation TM

25. Physical cleaning – using a chemical with a mop or sponge Cold sterilization – soaking items in a disinfectant chemical until they are used Dry heat – incinerating an object or exposing it to flame Radiation – using ultraviolet or gamma rays Filtration – removing particles from the air using a physical barrier Ultrasound – passing high frequency sound waves through a solution to create a vibration that scrubs an object to remove debris Autoclave – a sealed chamber in which objects are exposed to heat and steam under pressure Methods of Sanitation Safety & Sanitation TM