PUBH_224_Basic Medical Care in Primary Care Unit

1. PUBH_224_Basic Medical Care in Primary Care Unit Topic Rabies BenjawanNunthachai

3. http://www.cdc.gov/rabies/symptoms/index.html http://www.who.int/rabies/en/

4. Rabies: A neglected zoonotic disease • Zoonotic disease : a disease that is transmitted from animals to humans that is caused by a virus. • Rabies is spread to people through close contact with infected saliva via bites or scratches. • The main route of rabies transmission to humans is the bite of rabid dogs. • Most of the deaths occur in the absence of post-exposure prophylaxis. • Rabies is nearly always fatal when left untreated.

5. Cause of death • The incubation period for rabies is typically 1-3 months. • As the virus spreads through the central nervous system, progressive, fatal inflammation of the brain and spinal cord develops.

13. What are the signs and symptoms of rabies? • The first symptoms of rabies may be very similar to those of the flu including general weakness or discomfort, fever, or headache. These symptoms may last for days. • There may be also discomfort or a prickling or itching sensation at the site of bite, progressing within days to symptoms of cerebral dysfunction, anxiety, confusion, agitation. • As the disease progresses, the person may experience delirium, abnormal behavior, hallucinations, and insomnia.

14. What are the signs and symptoms of rabies? • The acute period of disease typically ends after 2 to 10 days. Once clinical signs of rabies appear, the disease is nearly always fatal, and treatment is typically supportive. • Disease prevention includes administration of both passive antibody, through an injection of human immune globulin and a round of injections with rabies vaccine.

15. Warning Signs of Rabies • Signs of Rabies In Animals • Acting sickly • Overt Aggressive in a normally tame animal • Tameness in a wild animal that is normally afraid of humans • Animals that are biting or lunging at everything • Excessive drool • Trouble swallowing and an unwillingness to drink water

16. WHO promotes • organization of sustainable mass dog vaccination campaigns • dog population management through reduction of strays, control of trade and movement of dogs • reduction of populations through spaying and neutering (การทำหมัน) • public health education strategies.

17. Prevent Rabies Infections • Vaccinate your dogs and cats against the rabies virus • Never approach a wild animal, regardless of how “friendly” it is acting. This might be a sign that is is carrying rabies. • Spayed or neutered your pets. • If you are bitten by an animal, follow our After Dog Bite Guidelines, washing the wound with soap and water for at least five minutes and see a doctor right away.

18. Any Question Answered (AQA)