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KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities. FL NGSSS SC.912.L.14.3 Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells. Cells have an internal structure. Epifluorescence microscopy; magnification 750 X.

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KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

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  1. KEY CONCEPT Eukaryotic cells share many similarities.

  2. FL NGSSS SC.912.L.14.3 • Compare and contrast the general structures of plant and animal cells

  3. Cells have an internal structure. • Epifluorescence microscopy; magnification 750 X. • The cytoskeleton includes microtubules( green) and microfilaments (red).

  4. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions.

  5. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell

  6. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles

  7. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles • provides strength

  8. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles • provides strength • assists in cell division

  9. Cells have an internal structure. • The cytoskeleton has many functions. • supports and shapes cell • helps position and transport organelles • provides strength • assists in cell division • aids in cell movement

  10. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins.

  11. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • colored SEM; magnification 90,000X

  12. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • The endoplasmic reticulum aids in the production of proteins and lipids. • colored TEM; magnification 20,000 X

  13. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum.

  14. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. • rough endoplasmic reticulum

  15. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. • The nucleus stores genetic information. • Many processes occur in the endoplasmic reticulum. • There are two types of endoplasmic reticulum. • rough endoplasmic reticulum • smooth endoplasmic reticulum

  16. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued)

  17. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) • Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins.

  18. Section 3 Summary – page 179-187 Assembly, Transport, and Storage Golgi Apparatus

  19. Golgi Apparatus • Function • finishes, sorts, labels & ships proteins • like UPS headquarters • shipping & receiving department • ships proteins in vesicles • “UPS trucks” • Structure • membrane sacs vesicles carrying proteins transport vesicles

  20. Several organelles are involved in making and processing proteins. (continued) • Ribosomes link amino acids to form proteins. • Vesicles are membrane-bound sacs that hold materials. • colored SEM; magnification 20,000X

  21. TO: TO: TO: endoplasmicreticulum nucleus proteinon its way! DNA RNA vesicle vesicle ribosomes TO: protein finishedprotein Golgi apparatus Making Proteins

  22. Other organelles have various functions.

  23. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • colored TEM; magnification 33,000X

  24. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • colored TEM; magnification 9000X

  25. Section 3 Summary – page 179-187 Vacuoles and storage Vacuolesare membrane-bound spaces used for temporary storage of materials. Notice the difference between vacuoles in plant and animal cells. Plant Cell Vacuole Animal Cell

  26. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • colored TEM; magnification 9000X

  27. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. • colored TEM; magnification 35,000X

  28. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. • Centrioles help divide DNA.

  29. Other organelles have various functions. • Mitochondria supply energy to the cell. • Vacuoles are fluid-filled sacs that hold materials. • Lysosomes contain enzymes to digest material. • Centrioles are tubes found in the centrosomes. • Centrioles help divide DNA. • Centrioles form cilia and flagella.

  30. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts.

  31. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. • A cell wall provides rigid support. • LM; magnification 3000X

  32. Plant cells have cell walls and chloroplasts. • A cell wall provides rigid support. • Chloroplasts convert solar energy to chemical energy. • colored TEM; magnification 21,000X

  33. PLANT CELLS : - HAVE CHLOROPLASTS (for photosynthesis—makes sugar) - NO CENTRIOLES - HAVE A CELL WALL AND CELL MEMBRANE - HAVE A LARGE VACUOLE ANIMAL CELLS : -NO CHLOROPLASTS -HAVE CENTRIOLES -HAVE A CELL MEMBRANE BUT NO CELL WALL -HAVE SMALL VACUOLES PLANT VERSUS ANIMAL CELL

  34. Cell Summary • Cells have 3 main jobs • make energy • need food + O2 • cellular respiration & photosynthesis • need to remove wastes • make proteins • need instructions from DNA • need to chain together amino acids & “finish” & “ship” the protein • make more cells • need to copy DNA & divide it up to daughter cells Our organellesdo all thosejobs!

  35. Common Misconception: Because of the ways cells are portrayed, with only a few representatives of each organelle shown, students may think of a cell as a bag of cytoplasm with a loose assortment of organelles floating about. • Correcting the Misconception: Quantitative analysis of cell material shows that the parts of the cell are so numerous that they constantly bump up against one another and against the cell membrane and cytoskeleton.

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