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Construction Fundamentals Chapter 1

Chapter 1 - Historical Perspective . Architect comes from a Greek word meaning chief artifice, master

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Construction Fundamentals Chapter 1

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    1. Construction Fundamentals Chapter 1

    3. Chapter 1 - Historical Perspective Architect Romans used the Latin form architectus - the architect’s responsibilities was to design and superintend the construction of the work.

    4. Chapter 1 - Historical Perspective Contractor comes from the legal agreement or contract that is negotiated and executed between the owner and the builder General Contractor As there can be many builders involved on a project a hierarchy of responsibility and authority needs to be established to insure proper coordination of the various efforts

    5. Construction Engineering and construction are a unique combination of specific need and specific design in a process that yields an engineered work. Civilizations are built by construction efforts.

    6. Construction Civil Engineers

    7. Engineering Education L’Ecole Polytechnique authorized in 1795 by Napoleon U. S. Military Academy, West Point organized by President Thomas Jefferson 1802

    8. Canals Man-made canals were a major factor in the development of early civilization Barge Canals Chesapeake and Ohio (1828-1850) Ship Canals Suez (1869) Panama (1914)

    9. Rail Roads

    10. Rail Roads The railroads were the engine of growth and expansion to the West By 1840 there were nearly three thousand miles of track in the United States

    11. Rail Roads Congress passed the Pacific Railroad Act in 1862. The act authorized the Central Pacific and Union Pacific Companies to build a transcontinental rail line along the 42nd parallel May 10, 1869 Golden spike driven home

    12. Golden Spike National Historic Site

    13. Golden Spike

    14. Golden Spike

    15. Industrial Buildings Buildings of the mid-19th century tended to be narrow enclosures with load-bearing walls

    16. Industrial Buildings Between 1874 and 1904 many advances made Construction methods and materials fire protection steel trusses framing

    17. Industrial Buildings 1920’s industrial buildings were being constructed with skeleton framing and curtain walls

    18. Industrial Buildings Concrete building systems have also been developed. cast-in-place tilt-up precast

    19. Highways Appian Way Dwight D. Eisenhower Interstate Highway System (1956)

    20. I-17/I-10 Phoenix AZ

    21. Airports Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport, Phoenix, AZ

    22. Airports Construction at Dallas/Ft. Worth International Airport, 2002

    23. Skyscrapers 1800’s few buildings were more than 100 ft high Walls were load bearing (up to 5 feet thick) Doors & window penetrations were kept to a minimum

    24. Skyscrapers

    25. Skyscrapers

    26. Skyscrapers Four engineering innovations had to come together before the height of building would rise to a level where they would be called skyscrapers. Safe elevators Steel Framing Fireproofing Caisson method of foundation construction

    27. Empire State Building - Two workers securing a rivet (http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/art/photo/hinex/empire/securing.html)Empire State Building - Two workers securing a rivet (http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/art/photo/hinex/empire/securing.html)

    28. Empire State Building - Workers guiding hoisting cable http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/art/photo/hinex/empire/hoisting.htmlEmpire State Building - Workers guiding hoisting cable http://www.nypl.org/research/chss/spe/art/photo/hinex/empire/hoisting.html

    29. Construction Industry Egyptians Greeks Romans corvee - Latin corrogare, to summon together Collegia

    30. Construction Industry

    31. Master Builders Reported to the owner Responsible for both Design and Construction

    32. Master Builders Used the principle of proportional geometry to construct complicated designs with a minimum of equipment

    33. Contractors From the legal agreement or contract that is negotiated and executed between the owner and the builder General contractor (GC) Specialty or trade contractors Electrical Plumbing Heating and air conditioning (HVAC)

    34. Assignment Due next class What is the largest or most famous _____ in your state? And why!! Canal Road Bridge Skyscraper Airport

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