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Objectives

70-290: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment, Enhanced Chapter 2: Managing Hardware Devices. Objectives. Understand the importance of managing hardware Understand the purpose of device drivers

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Objectives

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  1. 70-290: MCSE Guide to Managing a Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Environment, EnhancedChapter 2:Managing Hardware Devices

  2. Objectives • Understand the importance of managing hardware • Understand the purpose of device drivers • Configure hardware resource settings and resolve resource setting conflicts Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  3. Objectives (continued) • Configure driver signing options • Optimize server processor and memory usage • Create and configure hardware profiles • Configure server power options Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  4. Introduction to Managing Hardware • Managing and maintaining hardware is a primary responsibility of a network administrator • A wide variety of internal and external hardware components available • Key concepts to be discussed • Hardware compatibility • Device drivers • Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  5. Hardware Compatibility • Server hardware must meet minimum system requirements for Windows Server 2003 • Microsoft maintains information about compatible hardware • Previous Windows versions: Hardware Compatibility List • Windows Server 2003: Windows Server Catalog Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  6. Windows Server Catalog Web Site Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  7. Understanding Device Drivers • A device driver is a software interface between an operating system and a hardware device • Generally want to use the specific recommended driver for a device • Affects stability and performance • Driver updates are frequent and usually available from manufacturer • Driver signing is used to verify that a driver has been tested Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  8. Device Manager • Primary tool for managing device drivers • Allows administrator to view and modify hardware device properties • Should be used soon after Windows Server 2003 installation to verify device detection and functioning • Accessible from Control Panel or Computer Management tool Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  9. Accessing Device Manager • Control Panel  System  Hardware Tab • Computer Management  System Tools  Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  10. Device Manager (continued) • Displays non-functioning devices • Yellow exclamation point • Displays manually disabled devices • Red x • Allows you to update drivers • Download driver and install through Device Manager • Use Hardware Update Wizard Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  11. The Hardware Update Wizard Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  12. Activity 2-1: Exploring Device Manager • Objective is to explore the use of Device Manager • View properties of existing hardware • Explore different views of information • Start  My Computer  Properties  Hardware Tab  Device Manager • Follow directions in book to complete exercise Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  13. Adding New Devices • Two main categories of devices • Plug and Play • Legacy • Plug and Play devices typically installed and configured automatically • Legacy devices typically configured manually Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  14. Plug and Play Devices • Windows Server 2003 is Plug and Play compliant • New hardware is usually Plug and Play • Installed devices detected automatically • Detected devices configured automatically • May need to locate or update device driver Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  15. Activity 2-2: Installing a Plug and Play Hardware Device • Objective: • Uninstall device using Device Manager • Reinstall using Add Hardware Wizard • Start  Run, type devmgmt.msc • New method for accessing device manager • Follow instructions in book to complete uninstall • Check uninstall completed • Reinstall using Add Hardware Wizard Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  16. Legacy Devices • Many older devices not Plug and Play • Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus devices not Plug and Play • May or may not be detected by Windows Server 2003 • Typically must be configured manually • Add Hardware Wizard used to install and/or configure Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  17. Hardware Resource Settings • Four main types of resources • Direct Memory Access (DMA) channels • Input/Output (I/O) ranges • Memory address ranges • Interrupt request (IRQ) lines • Resource settings configured from Resources tab of properties of hardware device in Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  18. Hardware Resource Settings (continued) • Manually configured resource settings may have conflicts • Resource conflicts can cause device malfunction • Conflicts determined using Device Manager • Resources tab for a device Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  19. Resources Tab for Network Adapter Card • Conflict list  Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  20. Direct Memory Access Channels • Allow hardware devices to access system memory (RAM) directly • Information transfer bypasses CPU • Common devices • Hard and floppy disk controllers • Sound cards • CD-ROM drives • DMA channel used by a device can be determined from Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  21. Input/Output Ranges • Small dedicated memory areas • Allocated specifically for data transfer between computer and hardware device • Type of device dictates size of memory area • I/O ports can be determined from Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  22. Interrupt Request Lines • Used to gain attention of the system processor to handle some event • Traditionally, each device had dedicated line • Trend is toward sharing lines, Windows Server 2003 supports sharing among some Plug and Play devices • IRQ lines can be viewed and managed from Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  23. Memory Addresses • Used for communication between a hardware device and the operating system • Devices configured with dedicated, unique memory address ranges • Windows Server 2003 will automatically allocate memory addresses for Plug and Play devices • For legacy devices, address ranges usually specified in documentation Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  24. Activity 2-3: Viewing Resource Settings Using Device Manager • Objective is to use Device Manager to explore hardware resource settings • Open Device Manager in one of the ways described in earlier activities • Observe the resources on a display adapter, keyboard, and communications port • Configure settings and observe properties on communications port according to explanation in book Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  25. Troubleshooting Resource Setting Conflicts • Manual configuration of devices can lead to resource conflicts (overlaps and duplication of assignments) • Two methods for checking for resource conflicts • Resources tab in properties of device using Device Manager • System Information tool • To open, type msinfo32.exe in Run command Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  26. Troubleshooting Resource Setting Conflicts (continued) • System Information tool • Reporting rather configuration • Hardware Resources section displays summary info • Conflicts display conflicts • Forced Hardware allows identification of manually configured devices • Components displays resource settings plus driver info • Problem Devices shows devices with known problems Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  27. Viewing Problem Devices using the System Information tool Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  28. Configuring Device Driver Signing • Every built-in driver in Windows Server 2003 is digitally signed by Microsoft • Signing ensures compatibility, quality, authenticity, verified to work with hardware • Three possible driver signing verification options • Ignore: install any driver whether signed or not • Warn: show warning if attempt is made to install unsigned driver • Block: don’t allow installation of unsigned driver Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  29. Configuring Driver Signing Options Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  30. Activity 2-4: Configuring Driver Signing Options • Objective is to explore and configure settings for device drivers using Device Manager • Start My Computer  Properties  Hardware tab  Driver Signing • Explore help topics on driver signing • Complete assignment to explore and configure settings using Device Manager Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  31. Activity 2-5: Using the File Signature Verification Utility • Objective is to use the File Signature Verification utility to ensure that all installed system files and device drivers have been digitally signed • Start  Run  sigverif.exe  Advanced  Logging • Scan files and log results following directions • View log Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  32. Advanced File Signature Verification Settings Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  33. Roll Back Driver Feature • Common for vendors to release new or updated drivers for hardware devices • Fix known issues, take advantage of updated features • Driver updates sometimes result in system stability problems • When update causes problems, roll back allows going back to a previous version Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  34. Activity 2-6: Using the Roll Back Driver Feature • Objective is to use Roll Back Driver feature to return to a previous version of a device driver • Start  My Computer  Properties  Hardware  Device Manager • Follow directions to change to a new driver and then roll back to previous driver for display adapter Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  35. The Driver Tab in the Properties of a Display Adapter Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  36. Configuring Processor and Memory Settings • Three basic areas to configure for optimal performance • Processor scheduling and memory usage • Virtual memory • Memory for network performance Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  37. Processor Scheduling • Allows you to configure how processor resources are allocated to programs • Default is Background services (all running applications receive equal processor time) • Can set to Programs (foreground application receives priority processor time) Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  38. Processor Scheduling (continued) • Memory usage options used to configure amount of system memory allocated to executing programs versus other server functions • Default is System cache option • Computer is acting as network server • Running programs that require considerable memory • Programs option • Computer is acting as workstation • Running programs at console Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  39. Virtual Memory • Disk storage used to expand RAM capacity • Slower than RAM • Uses paging technique • Blocks (pages) of information moved from RAM to virtual memory on disk • On Pentium, pages are 4KB • Paged out when not in use, reloaded into RAM when needed Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  40. Virtual Memory (continued) • Area allocated is called paging file • Default amount allocated when operating system installed but should be tuned by administrator • Name of paging file is pagefile.sys • Location of paging file important • Two important parameters: initial and maximum size Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  41. Activity 2-7: Viewing and Configuring Virtual Memory Settings • Objective is to explore and configure virtual memory settings • Move the paging file to a new drive • Start  My Computer  Properties  Advanced tab • Follow instructions to move the paging file Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  42. Memory for Network Performance • Memory used for both server functions and network connectivity functions • Server functions use RAM and memory • Network connectivity uses only memory • If performance is poor, may need to tune network memory parameters Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  43. Configuring Server Memory for Network Optimization Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  44. Hardware Profiles • Set of instructions defining which devices to start and drivers to load when computer starts • Profile 1 created when Windows Server 2003 installed, every device enabled • Portable computers change set of hardware device available at different times • Can create additional profiles to match situation Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  45. Activity 2-8: Creating a Hardware Profile • Objective is to create a new hardware profile for a set of hardware devices • Start  My Computer  Properties  Hardware tab  Hardware Profiles • Follow directions to create a new profile with no CD-ROM drive or floppy drive • Test that devices are disabled when using new profile Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  46. Configuring Power Options • Default power scheme is Always On (monitor off after 20 minutes, hard disks never off) • Can select other predefined schemes or create custom scheme • Standby mode • Components shut down and memory is not written to disk (if power goes out, memory information is lost) • Power supply and CPU remain active Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  47. Configuring Power Options (continued) • Hibernate mode • Memory contents saved before shutting down disks • Can restart with previous applications running • Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) • Battery backup device • Best fault-tolerance method to prevent damage with power loss • Can only sustain power for a limited time Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  48. Activity 2-9: Defining a Power Scheme • Objective is to configure a new power scheme • Start  Control Panel  Power Options • Follow directions to create a power scheme to supplied specifications • Also explore configuring UPS (uninterruptible power supply) to provide battery backup for critical equipment Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  49. Summary • Device drivers • Driver signing • Driver roll back • Device Manager tool • Primary tool for device management • Plug and play versus legacy devices • Installation and configuration Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

  50. Summary (continued) • Hardware Resource Settings • Direct Memory Access (DMA) channels • Input/Output (I/O) ranges • Memory address ranges • Interrupt request (IRQ) lines • Processor Scheduling and Memory Usage • Virtual memory • Network memory • Hardware Profiles • Power Options Guide to MCSE 70-290, Enhanced

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