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ADS Marker Lamps: Enhancing Visibility for Autonomous Vehicles

This informal document submitted by the TF AVSR discusses the implementation of Automated Driving Systems Marker Lamps (ADS ML) to indicate the operational status of autonomous vehicles. The document highlights the importance of providing clear signals to pedestrians, cyclists, and motorists about the presence of ADS-equipped vehicles on the road. It also outlines the regulatory and standardization status of ADS marker lamps worldwide, emphasizing the need for ensuring safety and enhancing confidence in automated vehicles through effective visual communication. The document includes a proposal for a draft regulation, suggesting specific requirements for the color, intensity levels, and installation of ADS marker lamps across different vehicle categories.

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ADS Marker Lamps: Enhancing Visibility for Autonomous Vehicles

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  1. AVSR-16-02 GTBWGSL 622 Informal document submitted by the TF AVSR to support the discussion on ADS Marker Lamps Informal document GRE-90-06 (90th GRE, 29 April – 3 May 2024, agenda item 6 (a)) Automated Driving Systems Marker Lamp (ADS ML) GTB WG Signal Lighting

  2. AVSR-16-02 GTBWGSL 622 ADS Marker Lamp Definitions Light signal (lamp) to inform the other road users about the autonomous driving system operational status of the vehicle “A device emitting light to indicate when a vehicle’s ADS is engaged in the operation of the vehicle. ADS lamps are intended to be visible to road users (i.e., nearby pedestrians, pedal cyclists, and motorists) in close proximity to the vehicle. These ADS lamps provide information to the road user, in the absence of a driver, as to the vehicles’ ADS status and intent, and may provide comfort and ease of acceptance as ADS-equipped vehicles are introduced into the market.” SAE J3134™(2019) “Automated Driving System Marker Lamp (ADSML)” means a lamp used to indicate that a vehicle is in autonomous mode level 3, 4 or 5 or when the vehicle is operated by a remote driver (as defined in SAE J3016)." GTB WG SL Draft (2019) 2 GTB WG Signal Lighting

  3. AVSR-16-02 GTBWGSL 622 ADS Marker Lamp Motivation and background • DE, Ethics commission Automated and connected driving (Report June 2017, Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure) • Paragraph No. 5 to read • „…the technology must be designed in such • a way that critical situations do not arise in the first place… the entire spectrum of technological options – … signals for persons at risk, … – should be used and continuously evolved…” • Paragraph No. 16 to read • „…it must be possible to clearly distinguish whether a driverless system is being used or whether a driver retains accountability with the option of overruling the system…” • US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, chapter 5 of Federal Automated Vehicles Policy, September 2016 • „…manufacturers and other entities should consider how HAVs will signal intentions to the environment around the vehicle, including pedestrians, bicyclists, and other vehicles…” 3 GTB WG Signal Lighting

  4. AVSR-16-02 GTBWGSL 622 ADS Marker Lamp Worldwide Regulatory and Standardization Status • SAE recommended practice J3134 of 2019. Document revision starting in 2024. This document describes ADS signaling to the front only. Motivation to raise confidence of observers in automated vehicles. FMVSS 108 does not mention ADS marker lamp Limited approvals already released by the states of Nevada and California in Dec. 2023, based on the technical characteristics of SAE J3134-2019 • • • • • China does allow such a signal; however, it is yet not required by GB-standards. No info on Motivation. ADS marker lamp technical characteristics defined during the simplification process, but removed in Q3/2023 Maybe this function will be integrated in the revision of the vehicle installation standard, to start in 2024 • • ADS marker lamp is a topic under discussion today at the GRE TF AVSR. Different ideas on Motivation. In the past, GTB already worked on a regulatory scope of ADS ML Document No. ITS/AD-15-05a-Rev1, June 21st2018 https://wiki.unece.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=60364189 • ISO/TR 23049:2018 Road Vehicles — Ergonomic aspects of external visual communication from automated vehicles to other road users (published) ISO/CD PAS 23735 Road vehicles — Ergonomic design guidance for external visual communication from automated vehicles to other road users (in development) • 4 GTB WG Signal Lighting

  5. AVSR-16-02 GTBWGSL 622 ADS Marker Lamp GTB proposal for a draft regulation: major aspects 1. General • • Target groups: law enforcement, pedestrians, other road users Hybrid regulation: device requirements + installation guidelines Device • Color: cyan / turquoise • 2 intensity levels: day and night Installation • Vehicle categories M, N, T, (O, R, S) • Installation at the front, to the side and rear • Reciprocal incorporation with other signaling functions allowed • Substitution of existing functions (DRL, position lamp, side-marker lamp) 2. 3. 5 GTB WG Signal Lighting

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