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Are you an X or a Y?. What are your beliefs about people, work, and responsibility?. X People dislike work and will avoid it People must be forced to work People want to be directed and will avoid responsibility. Y Work is as natural as play
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Are you an X or a Y? What are your beliefs about people, work, and responsibility?
X People dislike work and will avoid it People must be forced to work People want to be directed and will avoid responsibility Y Work is as natural as play People are self-directed and will strive to accomplish objectives People will learn to accept and seek responsibility McGregor’s Theories X and Y
A learning environment is any setting in which learning takes place
Learning Environments • Similar to natural environments, learning environments have a certain atmosphere or a “climate” of their own
School Climate • “A relatively enduring quality of the school environment that is experienced by participants, affects their behavior, and is based on their collective perceptions of behavior in schools.” (Hoy & Miskel, 1991)
Classroom Climate • The “environment” that is experienced by students and by teachers in a class or lab setting
School/Classroom Climate • A classroom’s climate may be “warm” or “cold”—inviting or distant
School/Classroom Climate • Essentially, the climate of any learning environment is determined by the behavior of the teacher and the corresponding behaviors of students
Qualities of a “Good” (Warm) climate include . . . Openness Trust Communication Teachers & administrators who are supportive of students and of each other School/Classroom Climate
So, which one of McGregor’s theories does this resemble? Is it Theory X or Theory Y?
A warm climate encourages . . . (Buckman, King, & Ryan, 1995) Student learning & achievement Reduces or eliminates many student management problems (discipline) Job satisfaction for teachers & administrators Improved performance by teachers & administrators School/Classroom Climate
If experience is the best teacher, mine has been the following: • If you will try to reach students through the Affective domain, that is, make a consistent and honest attempt to understand and appreciate their values, attitudes, interests, and beliefs . . . • Eventually, most students will allow you to assist them in the Cognitivedomain, that is, help them to acquire valuable knowledge, skills, and abilities
Self-Fulfilling Prophecies . . . • The Classroom as Sacred Space • The Five “Be’s” of Student Management
