Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Art

1. Chinese, Japanese, and Korean Art

2. Chinese Art Era is 1000 B.C.E – 1279 A.D. Dynastic Order: The Middle Kingdom (Qin)  Neolithic Cultures  Bronze Age China (Shang and Zhou dynasties)  Qin Dynasty (Chinese empire begins) Han Dynasty  Six Dynasties  Sui and Tang Dynasty  Song Dynasty Mainly a unified country with brief periods of non-unification during dynastic changes Heightened thought and growth occurred uninterrupted throughout the centuries of China’s dynastic periods Created revered pottery/glassware such as Guan Ware

3. Terra Cotta Figures Circa 210–209 BC Qin Dynasty Replicas and almost prefect re-creations of the emperors soldiers so that they could defend him during the after life Soldiers are a part of a mausoleum in Lintong, China Shihuangdi was the ruler of this period who ordered the construction of the Terra Cotta figures in order to protect him in the afterlife Qin dynasty established the central ruling system and order that china still uses today to run its government; also the providence system also are still used in the same divisions today

4. Seated Buddha Circa 460 BC Wei Dynasty The wei is one of the 6 dynasties ruling during one of the few times of disunity Represented the spread of Buddhism in China as it came to the country through the silk road from its Indian origin This is statue is one of hundreds of cave statues, this being the most well known Used as sights for the road of a pilgrimage for the Buddhist religion Buddha expression is sensual and less realistic

5. Seated Buddha 113 BC Wei Dynasty Burner of Prince Liu Shang Incense is used for sacrifices or prayer to deities Represents mountains held high above the sea and mountains and the birds, people, and animals along it; this is the story of a portrayed Daoist island in which immortal people go to live Chinese Bronze casting is used Daoism is focused on the attainment of an immortality through diet, exercise, and other techniques

6. Seated Guanyin Bodhisattva 10-12 AD Liao Dynasty Represents a man being close to enlightenment along the path of the Buddhist religion Bodhisattva = person close to enlightenment Sitting in a royal ease positions with his foot resting on a lotus blossom During the Zhou period of brilliant thought and that lead to fine painting and ceramics created during this period

7. Japanese Art Era 10000 B.C.E. (mostly pottery early on)—1392 A.D. Period order: Jomon period Yayoi period  Kofunperiod Asukaperiod Nara period Heianperiod  Kamakura period Japanese culture categorized by an intense culture transformation over many years as period changes occurred Mostly pottery productions with some fine other works of buildings and statues Absorbed Buddhist idealism as a strong part of the culture during this period

8. Shaka Triad in the Kondo Circa 623 A.D. Asuka Period Created after Shakyamuni, Japan’s Buddha. Shaka is Japan’s name for Buddha Buddhist art was one of the most important of Japan’s art Bronze casting was used to create this piece The Artists name is ToriBusshi A chakra figure is behind the head of Shaka and it symbolizes the sun Uses influence from Chinese and Korean Buddhist art

9. Phoenix Hall Circa 1053 A.D. Heian Period Located in the Uji Mountains near Kyoto Secular temple that was built for the Fujiwara family who were direct assistants to the emperor Real name is the Byodo-in Called the Phoenix Hall because of the pair of Phoenixes on the top of the building Temple is has an artificial pond in the Sanskrit letter A that symbolizes the Amida Buddha The letter (which cannot be seen) uses a joined-wood method that was newly developed to allow wood to be combined

10. Detail of Frolicking Animals Circa 12 A.D. Heian period Satires society through the symbolization of animals Japanese humor Uses “men’s hand” style which uses strong ink marks followed colorful by brush strokes The “women’s hand” style is not used here, but is characterizes by light lines and strong color orientation along a piece Intentionally uses no text as it wishes for a person to interpret its meaning

11. Descent of Amida And the Twenty-Five Bodhisattvas Circa 13 A.D. Kamakura Period Depicts The Amida Buddha's descent for Uji mountains towards a temple The Kamakrua period began the Shogun and Samurai period of a military style nation as well as the development of ink painting and Chan and Zen Buddha ideas of religion One of the first pictures that went toward a more slanted, less asymmetric style of art

12. Korean Art Era 57 B.C.E. — 1279 A.D. Dynasty/period order: The Three Kingdoms Period The Unified Silla Period Goryeo Dynasty As with the other two civilizations Buddhism is a large part of the artwork being produced Long periods of unifications lasting hundreds of years at a time with only short overthrows to the transition of the next kingdom

13. Crown Circa 6 A.D. The Three Kingdoms Period or The Unified Silla Period Desgined for Burial use and was placed in a burial Chamber The branches resemble trees and antlers the inside of the cap resembles feathers or wings meaning this piece was designed with the central theme of nature One piece of jewelry found in large tombs built during the three kingdoms period that are one of the only pieces of knowledge known from that era The three ruling bodies from the Three Kingdoms period are the Silla, Baekje, and the Goguryeo

14. Seated Shakyamuni Buddha Circa 751 A.D. The Unified Silla Period 11 foot tall statue cut of granite and is the greatest cultural achievement under the Silla rule Built in an artificial cave under Mt. Toham Hands are in the Bhumisparsha mudra position which means the Buddha is in touch with the Earth The artificial cave is modeled after Chinese architecture

15. Maebyeong bottle With Decoration Of Bamboo and Blossoming Plum Tree Circa 12 – 13 A.D. Goryeo Dynasty Use a Celadon Pottery technique which is and green-bluish hue pot that was fired at high temperatures and has a transparent glaze—originally a Chinese invention Korean Celadon is categorized by simple figures in the artwork The goryeo Dynasty featured a courtly refinement period in which it swayed toward the more traditional family and structure that laid ahead for future generations

16. Seated Willow-Branch Gwanse’eumBosal Circa 14 century A.D. Goryeo Dynasty The scene depicts the deity Bodhisattva’s which uses strong color and gold pigments to depict the life style of Korean royals during the timer period As the Goryeo was a court period much of monetary income was dedicated to establishing great architecture and works of art as show here in this painting These style of painting were exported to Japan which helped begin the Buddhism in the country and shape current religions

17. Timelines Japan: Jomon Period 11,000 B.C.E.— 400 B.C.E. Yayoi Period 400B.C.E.— 300 B.C.E. Kofun Period 300 A.D.— 552 A.D. Asuka Period 552 A.D.— 645 A.D. Nara Period 645 A.D.— 794 A.D. Heian Period 794 A.D.— 1185 A.D. Kamakura Period 1185 A.D.— 1392 A.D. China: Shang Dynasty 1700 B.C.E. —1100 B.C.E. Zhou Dynasty 1100 B.C.E. — 221 B.C.E. Qin Dynasty 221 B.C.E. — 206 B.C.E. Han Dynasty 206 B.C.E. — 220 A.D. Six Dynasty Period 265 A.D.— 589 A.D. Sui Dynasty 581 A.D.— 618 A.D. TangDynasty 618 A.D.— 907 A.D. Song Dynasty 960 A.D.— 1279 A.D. Korean: Three Kingdoms 57 B.C.E.—668 A.D. Unified Silla 668 A.D.—935 A.D. Goryeo Dynasty 918 A.D. —1392 A.D.