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Chapter 8 - Rites of Passage

Chapter 8 - Rites of Passage. Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence. Changes in Adolesence. Physical growth and maturation Neurological growth Psychological changes. How does thinking change in adolescence?. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development Abstract thinking

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Chapter 8 - Rites of Passage

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  1. Chapter 8 - Rites of Passage Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

  2. Changes in Adolesence Physical growth and maturation Neurological growth Psychological changes

  3. How does thinking change in adolescence? • Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development • Abstract thinking • Information Processing Perspective • More sophisticated working memory and faster processing ability • Quantitative advances in long-term memory

  4. Advances from an Information Processing Perspective • Working Memory and Processing Speed • Have adult-like working memory and processing speed, enables them to process information efficiently • Content Knowledge, Strategies, and Metacognitive Skill • Greater knowledge of the work facilitates understanding and memory of new experiences • Better able to identify task-appropriate strategies and monitor effectiveness of those strategies • Problem Solving and Reasoning • Solve problems analytically by relying on math or logic, able to detect weaknesses in scientific evidence and logical arguments

  5. How do adolescents reason about moral issues? Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development Cultural variations Gilligan’s Progression of Moral Development

  6. Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development Created narratives of moral dilemmas and studied the reasoning process that people underwent when considering the problem All possible choices have both positive and negative consequences Classic (1969) story of Heinz and his dying wife Presented narratives to people of different ages Developed stages of moral reasoning to reflect qualitative changes at different stages

  7. Cultural Differences in Moral Reasoning Kohlberg’s theory is very Western and reflects Judeo-Christian values not shared in all cultures, leading to different responses to moral dilemmas.

  8. Gilligan’s Progression of Moral Reasoning • Gilligan also noted that women might have different motivations behind their moral reasoning than men. • Women = emphasis on concern for others • Men = emphasis on justice • Stage 1: Preoccupation with one’s own needs • Stage 2: Caring for others, especially those in need • Stage 3: Uniting of caring for others and caring for self; caring for all

  9. Promoting Moral Reasoning • Factors that can promote more sophisticated moral reasoning: • Noticing one’s current thinking is inadequate • Observing others reasoning at a more advanced levels • Discuss moral issues with peers, teachers, parents • Involvement in a religious community that connects adolescents to a network of caring peers and adults • Not all people achieve the highest stages of moral reasoning

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