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溶液的酸碱性与 PH

溶液的酸碱性与 PH. 酸性. 中性. 碱性. - lg[H + ]. 1×10 - 14 mol.L - 1 ≤[H + ]≤1mol.L - 1 0 ≤ PH≤14. PH= - lg[H + ]; [H + ]=10 -PH. PH= - lg[H + ]; [H + ]=10 -PH POH= - lg[OH - ]; [OH - ]=10 -POH. lg2=0.3 ; lg5=0.7. [H + ] = 0.001mol.L -1 , PH=.

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溶液的酸碱性与 PH

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  1. 溶液的酸碱性与PH

  2. 酸性 中性 碱性 -lg[H+] 1×10-14mol.L-1≤[H+]≤1mol.L-1 0 ≤ PH≤14

  3. PH= -lg[H+]; [H+]=10-PH

  4. PH= -lg[H+]; [H+]=10-PH POH= -lg[OH-]; [OH-]=10-POH lg2=0.3 ; lg5=0.7 [H+] = 0.001mol.L-1 , PH= [H+] = 0.0002mol.L-1 , PH= [OH-] = 0.01mol.L-1 , POH= PH= [OH-] = 0.05mol.L-1 , POH= PH= PH=5; [H+] = PH=12; [OH-] =

  5. PH= -lg[H+]; [H+]=10-PH 强弱 酸性 碱性 PH=7 PH﹤7 PH﹥7 玻璃棒 标准比色卡

  6. 10-15mol2.L-2 13

  7. 常温下溶液PH计算方法 1、常温下,强酸溶液HnA,溶液浓度为cmol.L-1,[H+]=_________ mol.L-1, PH=__________________ nc -lgnc 2、常温下,强碱溶液B(OH)n,溶液浓度为cmol.L-1,[OH-]=_________ mol.L-1 POH=____________PH=___________ nc -lgnc 14-POH

  8. [H+]1V1 + [H+]2V2 V1 + V2 [OH-]1V1 + [OH-]2V2 V1 + V2 [H+]= [OH-]= 3、强酸与强酸混合(不考虑体积变化) PH=-lg[H+] 4、强碱与强碱混合(不考虑体积变化) PH=14-POH POH=-lg[OH-]

  9. [H+].V(H+)-[OH-].V(OH-) V(H+)+ V(OH-) [H+]= [OH-].V(OH-)- [H+].V(H+) V(H+)+ V(OH-) [OH-]= 5、强酸与强碱混合(不考虑体积变化) (1)酸过量: PH=-lg[H+] (2)碱过量 POH=-lg[OH-] PH=14-POH

  10. C (8)PH=13的强碱溶液与PH=2的强酸溶液混合,所提混合液PH=11,,则强碱与强酸的体积比是多少? 1:9

  11. C D

  12. 2、规律 无论稀释多大倍数,酸溶液不显碱性,碱溶液不显酸性,无限稀释,PH=7

  13. CD

  14. D B

  15. A 10:1 a+b=14 HA是弱酸

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