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The position of Sweden and EU on REDD

The position of Sweden and EU on REDD. Erik Eriksson International Climate Policy Section Swedish Energy Agency. Background. Deforestation accounts for about 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions.

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The position of Sweden and EU on REDD

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  1. The position of Sweden and EU on REDD Erik Eriksson International Climate Policy Section Swedish Energy Agency

  2. Background • Deforestation accounts for about 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions. • No incentives in the 1st commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol to avoid tropical deforestation and forest degradation. • Important to include REDD in a future regim.

  3. Some challenges • Allocation of money. • Avoiding leakage. • Uncertainties in measurements. • Securing of co-benefits. • Sustainable forest management • Biodiversity • Alleviating poverty • The rights of indigenous peoples and local communities

  4. General • Tropical deforestation should be reduced by at least 50% by 2020 compared to current levels, and the global forest cover loss should be halted by 2030 at the latest. • Important also to promote the role of conservation, sustainable forest management and enhancement of forest carbon stock. • Necessary to address national circumstances since avoided emissions from deforestation and forest degradation could increase pressure on countries where forest carbon stocks are relatively stable. • Any agreement should be based on national level accounting.

  5. General • A REDD mechanism should be performance-based and provided on the basis of verified results in terms of avoided emissions • A REDD mechanism need to address co-benefits such as conserving biodiversity and of the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities.

  6. Financing REDD • Avoiding deforestation is often a cost-effective way of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. • Financing of avoided deforestationshould be a part of the overall financial package, taking into account existing arrangements. • There is aneed to engage the private sector to allocatesufficient and predictablefunding. • Technical and financial support from developed countries are necessary for e.g. capacity building.

  7. Financing REDD • Three main options on the table: • Market-based approach • would allow developing countries that reduce their emissions from deforestationand forest degradation below a pre-determined baseline to generate carbon credits, which they could sell. • Fund-based approach • would rely on voluntary or institutionalized contributions to a fund from developed country governments and other sources. • Combination of the options above.

  8. Financing REDD • Concerns using a pure market-based approach: • Maythreaten the stability on the carbon market. • A price floor, limited supply or increased demand could reduce this risk. • Create a separate market for REDD (dual-market approach). • Concerns using a pure fund-based approach: • What actions should be promoted? • Insufficient and unsustainable levels of funding.

  9. Financing REDD • Most Parties would like to some kind of marked-based mechanism for REDD. • EU believes that a combination of a fund-based and a market-based system is necessary: • public funding will be necessary for e.g. readiness work and capacity-building. • a linkage to the market is necessary for scaling up the financial needs.

  10. Co-benefits • The effective implementation of REDD in a future climate agreement will depend on the involvement and cooperation of local communities and indigenous peoples. • Multi-stakeholder processes • Involvement in monitoring and measuring • Important to consider biodiversity when implementingREDD actions.

  11. Finally • REDD is still in a positive mode… • …but REDD has strong impact on overall mitigation and finance, and may not be allowed to run in advance.

  12. Thank you!

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