Models of Abnormality & Treatment

1. Models of Abnormality& Treatment Abnormal Psychology

2. Biomedical Model Main point: Mental illness etiology is physical, biological, genetic Strengths: • Recognizes _____________ • Recognizes biology

3. Weaknesses: • Minimizes environment • Implies __________ • Sx relief focus • Drug & tx side effects

4. Biomedical Txs • Electro convulsive therapy (ECT) -Bilateral ECT -Unilateral ECT • Psychosurgery (rare cases) • ________________ -most popular

5. Psychoanalytic Model Main points: • Over determined behavior • Developmental approach • _______________ stages • Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, & Genital

6. Unconscious • Individual ________________ • Psychic structure • Id, Ego, Superego • Defense mechanisms • e.g., Repression, Denial, Projection

7. Strengths: • Recognizes environment (childhood & social) • Recognizes individual __________ • Focus on underlying problem, not just sxs

8. Weaknesses: • Nonverifiable concepts • Minimizes personal control • Biases against women • Relied on restricted population (wealthy Viennese women) • Complicated • Long tx

9. Psychoanalytic/dynamic Tx • Psychoanalysis, Ego analysis, Psychodynamic therapy • Insight • Free association • Dream interpretation • _______________

10. Humanistic-Existential Model Main Points: • Needs & values • Self actualization • Importance of choice

11. Strengths: • Emphasizes capacity to change • Posits self-regulating nature • Recognizes individual complexity • Recognizes perceptions • Includes personal strengths

12. Weaknesses: • Minimizes _____________ • Minimizes differences between disorders • Nonverifiable

13. Humanistic-Existential Tx • “To find yourself” • Client centered therapy • Gestalt therapy • I-language • __________ chair

14. Cognitive Behavioral Model Main Points: • Cognitions • Learning history

15. Strengths: • Environment & individual interaction • Cognitions • Ability to change • Provides new coping strategies

16. Weaknesses: • Not concerned with etiology • No focus on large envir. changes • Focused on sx reduction • Appropriate for problems that are: • clear • behavioral • immediately accessible _________

17. Behavioral Tx • Classical conditioning techniques: • Systematic desensitization • In Vivo, imaginal exposure • ___________ • Aversion Therapy

18. Operant conditioning techniques: • Contingency Management • Skills Training • Assertiveness training • Social problem solving • Parent training • Modeling • Time management

19. Cognitive Behavioral Tx (CBT) • Cognitive therapy (Beck) • Cognitive triad: ______________ • Rational emotive therapy (Ellis) • Irrational beliefs

20. Family System Model Main Points: • Disturbance in family, social context • Family interactions are complex

21. Strengths: • Recognizes system (envir.) • Less indiv stigma Weaknesses: • Resistant, unchanging system • __________________ • Bio disorders • Levels beyond the family

22. Family/Social Systems Tx • Couples Therapy • Family Therapy • Group Therapy

23. Group Tx • Psychoeducational • Experiential • Self-help

24. Socio-Cultural Model Main Point: Emphasis on larger societal context

25. Strengths: • Recognizes effects beyond ind. • Emphasizes ______________ Weaknesses: • Ind. problems, bio problems • Assumes changes trickle down to ind.

26. Socio-Cultural Tx • Primary Prevention • Secondary Prevention • Tertiary Prevention

27. Government Action • 1965- Surgeon general's warnings on all packages • 1971- broadcast advertising banned • 1990- smoking banned on buses & domestic flights • 1994- Mississippi filed 1st of 22 state lawsuits for smokers' Medicaid bills • 1998- Cigarette industry: $251 billion to state gov.s

28. Public Anti-Smoking Campaign