形容词的基本用法

2. 形容词的基本用法

3. 1、形容词的词义 问题1： --- I’m very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. --- Mm, it does have a ________ smell. (2002北京) A. pleasant, pleased B. pleased, pleased C. pleasant, pleasant D. pleased, pleasant D 考试中关于形容词的词义的题考得不少，复习时需密切关注。该句中 pleased 表示“感到满意（高兴）的”；pleasant 表示“令人满意（高兴）的”。根据句意不难发现答案为D。

4. 2、后置定语问题 问题4： All the people _____ at the party were his supporters. (02北京) A. present B. thankful C. interested D. important A 解析：形容词作定语修饰名词时，要放在名词的前边。但是下列情况要后置： proper (本身), present (在场的，出席的), involved (有关的),  concerned (相关的), left (剩下的), objecting (反对的),  mentioned (提及的), selected (当选的)等。 如 the students present (出席的学生) the cost involved (所需费用)

5. f. 下列情况也要后置：a. some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后 置．如： something new; nothing serious; anything interesting  b. else 修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如： Nobody else is so silly as you are.  c. 不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定 语要后置。如： Do you still remember the afternoon in the first year at college when the professor gave us a chemistry lesson?  d. 以 a- 开头的形容词做定语要后置．如：alike, alive, alone, asleep, afraid, awake… 如： He is the only man awake at that time.

6. 巩固练习： • I can’t get a good picture on my TV set. There must be something ____ with it. • A. bad B. matter C. the matter D. the wrong • 2. _____ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. • A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students • C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave • 3. There is _____ to hold the water. • A. nothing big enough B. nothing enough big • C. big enough nothing D. enough big nothing C C A

7. 3、以-ly 结尾的形容词 • 问题5： • What he said sounds ________. (1993上海) • nicely B. pleasantly C. friendly D. wonderfully C 解析：1） 大部分形容词加-ly 可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，manly, timely, worldly (老于世故的) 仍为形容词。改错：(错） She sang lovely. （对） Her singing was lovely.　　 （错） He spoke to me very friendly.　　 （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2）有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词，也为副词。daily，weekly，monthly，yearly，earlyThe Times is a daily paper. It is published daily. 

8. 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序

9. 问题1 John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. （04辽宁） A．large German white B．large white German C．white large German D．German large white B 多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：　 限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --出处--材料性质，类别--名词 根据这个公式，就不难排列出：大小 + 颜色 + 出处，故选择B。

10. 问题2: This _______ girl is Lind’s cousin. (05北京卷) A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish 问题3：One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.　 A. old Chinese stone　　 B. Chinese old stone　　 C. old stone Chinese　　 D. Chinese stone old A 由“限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) --性质--名词”的公式可知，描绘词 + 大小 + 出处的顺序，最符合答案。 A 根据排列顺序：大小、形状+年龄+颜色+来源+质地+用途+名词可选择A

12. boring This is so________ a lesson that so many students are _______of it. (bore) bored 相似动词总结：tire/disappoint/move/excite/frustrate/touch satisfy/amaze/convince/encourage/exhaust

13. an interesting crosstalk 有趣的相声 Because of interesting performances given by Fenggong and Niuqun, I have become interested in crosstalk.

14. 小结： We use verb-ing forms to describe someone/something that causes certain feelings, and they are usually active in meaning; while we use verb-ed forms to say how we feel about someone or something, and they are usually passive in meaning as they describe how someone/something is affected by an action.

15. This is an ____________win over the best team in this region. (encourage) He was so _____________in this exam that his instructor was ____________.(disappoint) They were all ______________(move) by the ____________story. (touch) With so many _________evidences , the police are now _________that he has committed the crime. (convince) encouraging disappointing disappointed moved touching convincing convinced

16. Mr. Smith,_____ of the_____ speech, started to read a novel. （03北京春季） A．tired; boring B．tiring; bored C．tired; bored D．tiring; boring

17. 六．A verb-ed can follow a verb , such as stand , sit and lie when the two actions are happening at the same time or it can be used on its own or followed by an adjective /adverbial.(伴随状语） She lay trapped under the building for three days. She lay there and was trapped . 改写：The pop-star stood there and was surrounded by his fans for half an hour. The pop-star stood surrounded by his fans for half an hour.

18. She left the restaurant , disappointed. She left the restaurant and was disappointed. 他度假回家，累的要死 He arrived back home from vacation, dead tired. • After his journey front abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _____ • exhausting           B. exhausted     • C. being exhausted     D. having exhausted

19. 形容词和副词的级别

20. 1、as … as … 结构 问题1： John is the tallest boy in the class, _______ according to himself. （05安徽卷） A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 问题2：What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is ______ it is long. （05湖北卷） A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as C．not half as wide as D．as wide as not half B as tall as “高达…”, five foot eight = five feet eight inches C as wide as 是比较，所以倍数词应放在前面。

21. 说明： 1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so… as。He cannot run so/as fast as you.2）当as… as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。as +形容词+ a +单数名词as + many/much +名词This is as good an example as the other is.I can carry as much paper as you can..3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的 前面。This room is twice as big as that one.Your room is the same size as mine.

22. 4) 倍数+ the + n + of <=>倍数+ as + adj. + as This bridge is three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine. 5) 数量词 + senior / junior + to He is seven years senior to his wife. I am three years junior to my elder sister.

23. ２、 more than 结构 问题1：－Is your headache getting ______? － No, it’s worse. （05全国卷3） A．better B．bad C．less D．well 问题2：Mr. Smith owns ______ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met. （05山东卷） A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large 问题3：The number of people present at the concert was _______ than expected. There were many tickets left. （04福建） A．much smaller B．much more C．much larger D．many more A B A

24. 问题4：The dictionary gave me a better offer than ____. (1999 上海) A. that of Dick’s B. Dick’s C. he gave Dick D. those of Dick 问题5：You’re standing too near the camera. Can you move _____? (2000 上海) A. a bit far B. a little farther C. a bit of farther D. a little far 问题6：In that case, there is nothing you can do ______ than wait. (2001 北京春季) A. more B. other C. better D. any C B B

25. 1）要避免重复使用比较级。(错) He is more cleverer than his brother.(对) He is cleverer than his brother.2）要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错) China is larger than any country in Asia.(对) China is larger than any other country in Asia.3）要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4）程度词 a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等词可修饰比较级。除 外，还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。以 上词 (除by far) 外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前 面。而 by far 一般置于比较级之后和最高级之前。

26. ３、of the two 结构 问题1：Of the two shirts, I’d like to choose _____ one. (94 上海) A. the less expensive B. the most expensive C. less expensive D. most expensive 问题2：If the manager had to choose between the two, he would say John was ________ choice. (95 上海) A. good B. the best C. better D. the better A D 说明：在 of the two 结构中，比较级前要加 the，但如果不在 of the two 结构中，要注意冠词的使用。后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有冠词。　 比较：Which is larger, Canada or Australia?Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.

27. 4、the + 最高级 + 比较范围 问题1：David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels________ desire to go to bed. (05江苏卷) A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least 问题2：Greenland, ________ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometers. (2000 上海) A. it is the largest B. that is the largest C. is the largest D. the largest D D

28. 1)形容词最高级前必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。 The shortest boy runs fastest in the 100-meter race. 形容词 most 前面没有 the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。It is a most important problem.= It is a very important problem.注意： 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers. 2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almostThis hat is nearly / almost the biggest.

29. 注意：a.very 可修饰最高级，但位置与much不同。This is the very best. This is much the best.b.　 序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.3) 句型转换：Mike is the most intelligent in his class.Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.4) “否定词语 + 比较级”，“否定词语 + so… as” 结构表示最 高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.= Nothing is easier than this.= This is the easiest thing.

30. 5、和more有关的词组 1) the more… the more…　越……就越……The harder you work，the greater progress you‘ll make.2) more B than A　与其说A不如说Bless A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.3) no more… than… 与……一样(不)……，不比……多The officials could see no more than the Emperor.no less… than…　与……一样……He is no less diligent than you.4) more than　不只是，非常She is more than kind to us all.