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Cell Cycle/Cell Division

Cell Cycle/Cell Division. Mitosis and cytokinesis. Mitosis. Growth – Somatic (body) cells undergo mitosis for growth. Maintenance – Somatic cells use mitosis to repair damage. Asexual Reproduction – Mitosis is the process used by some organisms to reproduce (budding,etc…). Steps to Mitosis.

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Cell Cycle/Cell Division

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  1. Cell Cycle/Cell Division Mitosis and cytokinesis

  2. Mitosis Growth – Somatic (body) cells undergo mitosis for growth. Maintenance – Somatic cells use mitosis to repair damage. Asexual Reproduction – Mitosis is the process used by some organisms to reproduce (budding,etc…)

  3. Steps to Mitosis • Interphase • Steps to Mitosis • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis

  4. Interphase • 1- DNA replication • 2- transcription and translation (normal cell growth)

  5. Prophase • Chromatins condense • Nuclear envelope dissolves freeing DNA in the cell. Animal cells only: • Centrioles form spindle fibers

  6. Metaphase • Metaphase Plate (chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell) • Highly organized so that both new cells will get exactly the same DNA • Spindle fibers completely attached to centromeres

  7. Anaphase • Paired chromosomes are pulled to opposite sides • Each chromosome is an exact copy of one original chromosome. • Each end is considered a polar end.

  8. Telophase • Chromatids end up at separate poles, spindle fibers begin to dissolve • Nuclear envelopes begins to form • Cell starts to pinch off through cytokinesis

  9. Cytokinesis • Division of all the rest of cellular organelles into two identical daughter cells. Animal Cells: Actin forms around the center of the cell and contract pinching off two cells. Plants Cells: New cell plate created between the two cells.

  10. Mitosis Animation • http://www.biology.arizona.edu/cell_bio/tutorials/cell_cycle/cells3.html

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