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Chapter Thirteen

Chapter Thirteen. The Other Protocols. Objectives. You’ll get a brief overview of IPX/SPX NetBEUI Appletalk How each protocol handles addressing The pros and cons of each protocol. IPX/SPX. Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange Developed by Xerox in the early 80s

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Chapter Thirteen

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  1. Chapter Thirteen The Other Protocols

  2. Objectives • You’ll get a brief overview of • IPX/SPX • NetBEUI • Appletalk • How each protocol handles addressing • The pros and cons of each protocol

  3. IPX/SPX • Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet Exchange • Developed by Xerox in the early 80s • Adopted and tweaked by Novell to become their protocol of choice in NetWare

  4. Addressing in IPX/SPX • 32-bit network address • MAC address of interface becomes host address • A socket number assigned to the process or application running on the device • This is NOT the same as the sockets discussed in the Transport layer. • The station address • The combined network/host address

  5. Configuring IPX/SPX • If no network number is statically assigned, the host will send out a broadcast looking for a SAP server. • The SAP server will assign an address. • Correct frame type is necessary in IPX. • Auto Detect usually works pretty well.

  6. Frame Types • 802.3 (Raw) • The typical Ethernet frame • 802.2 • An older frame type used by non-Ethernet protocols • Ethernet II • Ethernet SNAP

  7. Routing in IPS/SPX • If a packet isn’t addressed to the local network, the transmitting station will broadcast a RIP packet. • Available routers with access to the target network number respond with their node address and the number of hops to target. • Transmitting workstation picks the router with the fewest hops and transmits the packet.

  8. Pros and Cons of IPS • Pros • Light overhead on the individual workstations • Very easy to configure and hard to mess up • Cons • Very HEAVY overhead on the network as a whole • A limited number of hops prevents extremely large networks (like the Internet)

  9. NetBEUI • NetBIOS Enhanced User Interface • Developed by Microsoft for early versions of NT • A Layer 2 protocol • No longer supported by Microsoft • XP does not install NetBEUI by default, but the protocol can be added from the installation CD.

  10. Pros and Cons of NetBEUI • Pros • Easy to configure • All you need is to put all workstations on the same workgroup, but make sure they have different names. • Extremely fast with low overhead on network and workstations • Cons • Not routable

  11. AppleTalk • Developed by Apple Computer Corporation • Has a lot of similarities to TCP/IP • Layered functionality • A robust collection of related protocols • Moves data in datagrams

  12. Addressing in AppleTalk • Each host is assigned a node ID and an entity name. • The Node ID is similar to the IP address. • The entity name is similar to a NetBIOS name. • Networks are numbered (like in IPX/SPX) with 16-bit network numbers. • The Name Binding Protocol (NBP) resolves node IDs and entity names to MAC addresses.

  13. Some AppleTalk Protocols (1 of 2) • Datagram Delivery Protocol (DDP) provides point-to-point delivery of user data. • Routing Table Maintenance Protocol (RTMP) allows routers to dynamically build routing tables. • AppleTalk Echo Protocol (AEP) is Apple’s version of ICMP. • AppleTalk Transaction Protocol provides connection-oriented data delivery services.

  14. Some AppleTalk Protocols (2 of 2) • AppleTalk Data Streaming Protocol (ADSP) provides jitter-free delivery of multimedia. • AppleTalk Session Protocol (ASP) opens, maintains, and closes sessions.

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