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Domain Eukaryota

Domain Eukaryota. From Warehouses to Factories. BioVisions Inner Life (Harvard). Eukary …. wha ?. We just finished learning about the domain Prokaryota . What were Prokaryotes? Where did the word Prokaryote come from? What do you think Eukaryote means?. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes.

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Domain Eukaryota

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  1. Domain Eukaryota From Warehouses to Factories

  2. BioVisions Inner Life (Harvard)

  3. Eukary….wha? • We just finished learning about the domain Prokaryota. What were Prokaryotes? • Where did the word Prokaryote come from? • What do you think Eukaryote means?

  4. Prokaryotes vs. Eukaryotes Prokaryotes Eukaryotes • Domain prokaryota(pro- = “before” –karyote = “nucleus”) • Have no nucleus • Evolutionarily ancient • Single celled • Reproduce by binary fission • Lack membrane bound organelles • Domain eukaryota (eu- = “true” –karyote = “nucleus”) • Have nucleus • Evolutionarily recent • Single celled or multicellular • Reproduce by mitosis • Have membrane bound organelles

  5. Before cells………… • The Ancient Greeks believed in abiogenesis. It was thought that life arose spontaneously. • This was not disproven until the 1700’s, when Francesco Redi left out a piece of meat and put another piece of meat in a sealed container to prove that only the meat left out would grow maggots.

  6. Robert Hooke • Robert Hooke was the first person to observe cells in dead cork tissue. • Hooke coined the word “cell” to describe the units that comprised the cork tissue.

  7. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek • The “Father of Microscopy” • Pioneered methods of making stronger and better lenses for microscopes

  8. Louis Pasteur • Put the final nail in the coffin for abiogenesis through his research • Father of Germ Theory • Responsible for many of the early advances in vaccination and immunology

  9. The Cell Structure Animal Cell Plant Cell

  10. Nucleus • The Control Center of the cell • Contains Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) • Site of transcription of Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) from DNA.

  11. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) • Rough ER – Site of protein synthesis; has ribosomes attached. • Smooth ER – Storage transport system for the cell; also the site of some chemical reactions; no ribosomes attached.

  12. Golgi Apparatus • Sorts, modifies, and packages proteins to be delivered to different parts inside or outside the cell. • Looks like a stack of flattened sacks of membrane.

  13. Mitochondria • The Powerhouse of the Cell • Creates Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) from sugar.

  14. Chloroplasts • Found only in plant cells and algae. • Site of photosynthesis; making SUGAR from CARBON DIOXIDE, WATER, and SUNLIGHT.

  15. Cell Membrane • The outer boundary of the cell. • Made of a phospholipidbilayer.

  16. Cell Wall • Only present in plant and fungal cells. • Gives cell protection, structure, and rigidity.

  17. Ribosome • Made of Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) • Synthesizes Proteins from Amino Acids using messenger RNA (mRNA) • Found on Rough ER and floating in cytoplasm.

  18. Lysosome • Break down food to make it easier to use for the cell. • Contain digestive enzymes (proteins).

  19. Cytoskeleton • Give the cell structure and assists in cell motion. • Made of rigid proteins networked together. • Plays a role in cell division.

  20. Centriole • Help organize the cell. • Play a role in the formation of eukaryotic cilia and flagella. • Made of microtubules.

  21. Warehouses… to Factories! • http://www.harlem-school.com/5TH/sci_pdf/graphics/cell_diagram.gif

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