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MDG 1 and Disability

MDG 1 and Disability. Poverty reduction and eradication of hunger. Outline. MDG 1 – What is it? What are the linkages between poverty, hunger and disability? How to achieve MDG 1? PRSP as one instrument to achieve MDG 1. Millennium Development Goal 1.

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MDG 1 and Disability

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  1. MDG 1 and Disability Poverty reduction and eradication of hunger

  2. Outline • MDG 1 – What is it? • What are the linkages between poverty, hunger and disability? • How to achieve MDG 1? • PRSP as one instrument to achieve MDG 1

  3. Millennium Development Goal 1 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 1: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day Indicator 1: Proportion of population below $1 (PPP) per day Indicator 2: Poverty gap ratio Indicator 3: Share of poorest quintile in national consumption

  4. Millennium Development Goal 1 Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Target 2: Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from hunger Indicator 4: Prevalence of underweight children under-five years of age Indicator 5: Proportion of population below minimum level of dietary energy consumption

  5. Link between disability and MDG 1 Exclusion from education / employment Exclusion Increased living costs Excluded from social life Disability Poverty Poor nutrition Increased vulnerability/risk to become injured/impaired Living conditions Poor health care Poor working conditions

  6. Disability and poverty – available data • One person in 20 worldwide has a disability, of which more than three out of five live in a developing country (UN figures) • One in five of the world’s poorest have a disability (World Bank estimate) • US$ 1.71–2.23 trillion of global GDP is lost because of disability, which adds up to a rate of between 5.35% and 6.97%. • 82% of persons with disabilities live below the poverty line in developing countries (UN figures)

  7. Hunger and disability • 20% of impairments are caused by malnutrition • Between 250,000 and 500,000 children go blind every year from Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) • There are over 16 million mentally handicapped and nearly 49.5 million people with lesser degrees of brain damage due to Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD). • More than half of all pregnant women in the world are anemic, of whom 90% live in developing countries

  8. Disability, poverty and hunger – lack of knowledge • Global figures show trends, but do not explain linkages in detail • Global figures do not show specific circumstances in countries and/or regions

  9. How to achieve MDG 1? • MDG 1 is the central MDG and linked to all other goals • Economic (pro-poor) growth • Social protection • Increased agricultural production • Disaster management

  10. Translation into action • Targets were set based on global trends, not country specific situation  some countries adapted the targets and create national MDGs • Targets define the end of the road, but not the road itself  national/regional policies, programmes, budget and other governmental plans translate the targets into action • Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) • Programmes and projects of non-governmental development actors

  11. PRSPs • Origin: World Bank and IMF introduced this concept in the late 1990s to have a basis for debt relief, grants and other support to low-income countries • Basic idea: Concerned countries formulate their own strategy leading to poverty reduction and economic growth • Stakeholders: Government, civil society, international donors …

  12. MDG 1 and disability in PRSP – Examples • Tanzanian: “20% of children and adults with disabilities [are] reached with effective social protection measures by 2010” • Ethiopia: “A productive safety net program that includes: • A public works program to employ the poor in building roads and other infrastructure during difficult times; and, • Free distributions to orphans, the elderly, the disabled, and others who cannot work”

  13. MDG 1 and disability in PRSP – Examples Bangladesh: “Safety Net Programmes (SNPs): in Bangladesh Allowances for the Distressed Disabled Persons (ADDP): In the budget of 2005/06, the Government has introduced allowances for the distressed disabled persons and provided an allocation of Tk 250 million for this purpose.”

  14. Lessons learned from PRSP • If disabled people‘s organisations are involved in the policy formulation, proposed actions will not longer follow a charity-based approach • Empowerment of DPOs and other civil society stakeholders is effective • International NGOs can be facilitator and door-opener • Lack of data and knowledge about disability and poverty makes it difficult ton propose concrete actions

  15. Discussion • What can be done on the level of the developing countries? • On the level of the international community? • Are MDGs really the ultimate goals?

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