1 / 30

Female Genitalia IV

Female Genitalia IV. Ovary. Ovary. Inflammation Non-neoplastic cysts Neoplasms. Ovary Inflammation. Primary inflammation is rare Usually secondary to spread from fallopian tube (tubo-ovarian abscess) Other causes- appendicitis, diverticulitis etc. Ovary Non-neoplastic cysts.

creighton
Download Presentation

Female Genitalia IV

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Female Genitalia IV Ovary

  2. Ovary • Inflammation • Non-neoplastic cysts • Neoplasms

  3. OvaryInflammation • Primary inflammation is rare • Usually secondary to spread from fallopian tube (tubo-ovarian abscess) • Other causes- appendicitis, diverticulitis etc

  4. OvaryNon-neoplastic cysts • Follicular cysts - Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (Stein-Leventhal) • Corpus luteum cysts - may cause intraperitoneal haemorrhage • Simple cysts • Endometriotic cysts - haemorrhage within endometriotic deposits; “chocolate cysts”

  5. OvaryNeoplasms Classification of Primary Neoplasms • Surface (germinal) epithelium (approx. 65%) • Germ cells (approx. 20%) • Sex cord-stromal cells (approx. 10%) • Miscellaneous, i.e. tumours not specific to the ovary (approx. 5%)

  6. Surface Epithelial NeoplasmsClassification • Serous • Mucinous • Endometrioid • Brenner • Clear cell • Undifferentiated

  7. Surface Epithelial Neoplasms Cystadenomas/cystadenocarcinomas • Serous - lining resemble fallopian tube • Mucinous - resemble lining of cervix • Endometrioid - resemble endometrium • Brenner - resemble urothelium

  8. Serous Tumours • 25% of all ovarian tumours • 30-50% bilateral • Benign ones, predominantly cystic • Malignant ones, more solid • Papillary projections into cyst cavities • Borderline (LMP) - features of malignancy but no stromal invasion

  9. Mucinous & Endometrioid Neoplasms Mucinous • Less common than serous, 10-20% bilateral • Benign, borderline, malignant • Tend to grow to very large size • “Pseudomyxoma peritonei” Endometrioid • Resemble endometrial carcinoma and may coincide with it

  10. Sex Cord-Stromal Tumours • Granulosa cell tumour • Thecoma/Fibroma • Sertoli-Leydig cell tumour

  11. Granulosa Cell Tumours • Occur at any age • Peak incidence, postmenopausal • 25-75% produce excessive oestrogen • Children - precocious puberty • Reproductive age - menstrual irregularities • Older age - p.m.b. • All potentially malignant, but • Most behave benign • High-grade malignant varieties occur

  12. Thecoma/Fibromas • Originate from theca cell • Thecoma • Solid, firm • May produce oestrogen; a few produce androgens • Nearly always benign • Fibroma • Solid, invariable benign • Meig’s syndrome

  13. Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumours • Resemble Sertoli & Leydig cells of testis • Predominantly solid • Usually found in young adults • About half accompanied by excess androgen secretion - virilization • Most are of low-grade malignancy

  14. Germ Cell Tumours • Dysgerminoma • Yolk sac tumour (endodermal sinus; embryonal ca) • Choriocarcinoma • Teratoma Comprise about 20% of ovarian tumours, but are most COMMONovarian tumour in girls and young women

  15. Germ Cell Tumours • Dysgerminoma • All malignant • Very radiosensitive with • Up to 95% 5-yr survival • Yolk sac tumour - highly malignant; alpha-fetoprotein • Chorioca - Rare! Most are metastases from corpus

  16. Teratoma Benign cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst) • Most common GCT (up to 95% of GCTs) • Are multilocular or unilocular cysts • Containing cheesy or porridge-like sebaceous material with matted hair • Sometimes cartilage, bone and/or teeth grossly • Tissues from all 3 germ cell layers but ectodermaltissues predominate • “Struma ovarii” – may be functional

  17. Teratoma Solid teratomas • Are invariably malignant • Are also known as "immature teratomas" • Malignancy due to immaturity of the tissues – usually immature neuroepithelium

  18. Secondary (Metastatic) Tumours • Most common - stomach, colon, breast, corpus and cervix uteri • Krukenberg tumour - bilateral, solid, mucin-secreting “signet ring” cells; usually from stomach, colon, breast • Mets to ovary connote poor prognosis

  19. Ovarian TumoursGeneral Features • USA - most fatal gynae. malignancy; kill more than ca.cx & corpus combined • Ranked 6th in women in Ja • Presentation - asymptomatic, pain, mass, signs of malignancy, hormonal changes etc • Prognosis - tumour type; grade; stage • Surgical +/- radioRx, chemoRx

More Related