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: . 5,6-- B . A C .

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: . 5,6-- B . A C .

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    1. 4-4 ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? : ????? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ???? ??????? ????????? . ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ???? 5,6-??????????????- ????????? (B) ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?????????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ??????? . ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???????????? (A) ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ? ???? ?????????? (C) ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? .

    3. ????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????? (1) ??????? (Nitration) (2) ??????? (Sulfonation) (3) ??????? (Halogenation) (4) ??????? (Alkylation) (5) ??????? (Acylation) (6) ????? ?????(Azo coupling)

    4. (1) ??????? : ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? (-NO2) ? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ? ???? ????????? . ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ? ?? ????????? ?????? (+NO2) ??? ?? ?????? ?????? :

    10. ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? (Site Selectivity) ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? (A) ??? ?? ??????????? (E+) ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? 2 ? 4 ?? 3 ????? ??? ????? ?? 1?2 (B)- ? 1?4 (C) -?? 1?3 (D)- ????? ????????? .

    11. ? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ? ???? ???? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? . ??? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?? : )?) ??????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????????? 2 (????) ? 4( ???? ) ? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ? ????? ???????? ???? - ? ???? (?? 2 ? 4 .(

    12. )?) ??????? ????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????????? 2 (????) ? 4( ???? ) ? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ? ????? ?????? 3 (????) ???? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? - ? ???? .

    13. )?) ??????? ????? ? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????- ? ???? - ? ??? ??? ????? ?????? (A) ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???????? ????- ? ???? ???? ????? ????(B) ??? ???? ?? ????? ????. ?? ????? ??? ????????? (F,Cl, Br, I)

    15. ?? ?? ????? ? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ??????????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ? ????? ???????? ???? - ? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????

    16. ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????

    17. ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? : (1) ?????? ????? (??????) (2) ?????? ????? (3) ??????????? ????? -t (4) ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ? ????????

    18. (1) ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ???? ?? ???????? ???? ?? ???????

    20. (2) ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????? .

    22. 4-5 ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ? ????????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ? ????????????? ???????? :

    23. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? : )????) ??????? ????????? ????????????? (Nucleophilic Substitutions) R - X + Nu- ? R - Nu + X- )?????) ??????? ????? (Elimination Reactions)

    24. ????? ???? ??????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? H2O CH3OH NH3 RNH2 RSH ???????????? ????? ?????? HO- NC- CH3O- I-; Cl-; Br- RS-

    25. ????????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????????? ????????????? . ? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????? (?? ????????? ?????????) ??? ??? ????? ???? : (1) ??? ????? ???????? (R-X) ???????? (???? ?? ????? ?? ?????( (2) ?????? ???????? (???? ?? ??? ????( (3) ?????? ? ??????????? ???????? (????? ?? ???? .(

    27. ? ????? ????????? (SN1) ??????? ???????? ???????? ? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ? ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? . ????? ???? ????? (SN1) ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ???????????? . ??? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ? ?????????? .

    28. (2) ????????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ???????? (SN2) : ? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??????? (C-X) ? ????? ??????? (C-Nu) ?? ??? ????? ? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?? ??? ??????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? . Nu- + R - X ? [NuR.X]- ? Nu-R + X- ???? ????????

    29. ? ???? ????????? (SN2) ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? (?????)? ??? ???? ????? (SN2) ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???????????? ? ???? ??? ???? ????????? . ???? ????????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ???????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? .

    30. ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? (SN1) ??? ?? ?? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ????? :

    31. ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??? : ? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? 2- ??????-1- ?? (B) ? 1- ??????-3- ?? (C) ??? ???? 2- ????????? ?????? (A) .

    32. ?????? ??????? ?????? (SN1) ??? ?? ? ????? (SN1) ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????????? ? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? (sp2) ?? ? ??? ?????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? :

    33. ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? (SN1) ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??- ?? ??????? ????? 1,4-??? ?????? -1-???????????????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ? ????? 1,4- ??? ?????? ????????????? .

    34. ?????? ??????? ?????? (SN2) ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? . ? ???? ??? ??? ???????????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? .

    35. ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? (SN2) ??? ????? ????????? Z- ? E- 4 - ?????? ?????- ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? E - 4- ?????? ????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? Z - 4- ?????? ????? ??????????? .

    36. ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? . ? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? : ?????? ?????????? : R-X + KCN ? R- CN + KX ?????? ???????? : R - X + RCOOAg ? R-COOR + AgX ?????? ?????????????? : R - X + NaSH ? R - SH + NaX

    37. ?????? ?????? ????? : R - X + NaOH ? R - OH + NaX ?????? ???????? : R - X + RONa ? R - O - R + NaX ?????? ??????????? : R - X + RSNa ? R - S - R + NaX ?????? ???????? : R - X + NH3 ? R- NH2 + HX ?????? ?????????? :

    38. ????? : ??????? ????? - ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ??????? . ? ???? ??? ??????? ??? - ????

    39. ????????? ????? - ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? : (1) ??? ????? ???????? (E1) ? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? (C-X) ???? ??? ?????? ? ????? ???????????? ??????? ? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ????.

    40. ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ????????? (SN1) ? (E1) ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?? ????? (SN1) ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ? ???? ????? .

    41. ? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? : (1) ????? ?????? ???????????? (2) ??? ????? ?????? (3) ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? . ? ??????? ??????? ???? ???

    43. (2) ??? ???? ????? ???????? (E2) : ????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? (C-X) ? (C-H) ???? ?? ??? ????? .

    44. ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? (E2) ????? ???????? ?? ??????? (E2) ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????????? ? ???? ??? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????????????? .

    45. ???????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ? ???? ??? ?????? ????? (Saytzef). ? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ???????? (?????? ) ? ??????? ???? ??? .

    46. ?????

    47. ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? : (1) ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? . (2) ????? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? . ? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? (Hoffmann) ? ???? ??? ??? :

    48. ????? ?????? (Hoffmann) : ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ??? ? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? . ? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? . ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? - ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ? ???? ???? ?????? .

    49. (1) ????? ??? ??????? :

    50. (2) ????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????

    51. ????? : ??????? ?? ?????????? - ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ? ???? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????????. ? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ????? . R-X + Mg ? R-Mg-X ? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? . R-Mg-X + HOH ? R-H + HOMgX ? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ? ?????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ????? . ? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ???

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