AGRICULTURE R&D : PERSPECTIVES, ISSUES & PRIORITIES

1. AGRICULTURE R&D : PERSPECTIVES, ISSUES & PRIORITIES Dr. Achmad Suryana DG of IAARD ACIAR – INDONESIA CONSULTATION MEETING Jakarta, 19-20 February 2007

2. POSITIONING INDONESIA’S AGRICULTURE The (Expected) Role of Agricultural Sector : • Increase farmer’s income • Food security achievement • Poverty alleviation • Employment creation • Increase in gross domestic product (GDP) • Foreign exchange earnings

3. Positioning……… (Continued) The Role of Agricultural Sector : • Agriculture as life support systems and human security • Agriculture for sustainable natural resources and environmental protection • Maintain environmental aesthetics and harmony • Produces bio-pharmacy and bio-energy

4. Positioning……… (Continued) PRIORITY OF COMMODITIES • Food security Self-sufficiency in : • Rice (maintain since 2004). Target growth of 6.4% in 2007 (2 m ton of rice) and 5,0% in 2008 and 2009 • Corn (2007), • Sugar (2009), • Beef (2010), • Soybean (2015)

5. Positioning……… (Continued) PRIORITY OF COMMODITIES • Food diversification and nutrition (Balance of Diets) • Tropical fruits and vegetable • Cattle and chicken • Employment creation and exchange earnings • Oilpalm, Rubber, Cocoa • Bio-fuel • Oilpalm (biodiesel), Jatropha Curcas (biofuel), Cassava (bio-ethanol)

6. PROBLEMS AND CONSTRAINTS TO AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT • Agriculture infrastructure and facilities in state of disrepair • Problem in input markets: inconsistent quality (seeds), distribution system (fertilizer) • Lack of access to: information, technologies, and financial sources (due to low resources endowment) • Marketing system: fluctuating and low prices for farm produce • Fast aging farm population: rural youths not attracted to agriculture as a vocation

7. PANCA YASA(FIVE EFFORTS FOR DEVELOPMENT) • Agriculture infrastructure : irrigation, farm roads, support services. • Farmers’ organization empowerment: self help approach and strengthening bargaining power. • Agricultural extension: increase access to information, knowledge and technologies. • Agriculture finance: provide easy access to financial system, micro credits. • Agriculture marketing: increase efficiency and value added.

8. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT Functions of IAARD : • Program formulation for agricultural R&D • Implementation of agricultural R&D and technology development • Review and evaluation of agricultural R&D • Policy formulation on agricultural R&D • Administration of IAARD

9. Organization ……… (Continued) THE ROLE OF R&D IN AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH AND ASSESSMENT MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE SPECIFIC LOCATION INNOVATIONS TECHNOLOGY DIRECTORATE GENERAL Regionality AIATS COMMODITY AND SUPPORTING SERVICES Agriculture Development RES. CENTER/INSTITUTE Regional Provincial and District PARTICIPATORY GENERATION OF TECHNOLOGY

10. Organization ……… (Continued) •  Secretariat •  6 Commodity Centers (NRC): • Food Crops • Horticultural Crops • Estate Crops • Livestock • Socio-economic and Policy Analysis • Library and Technology Disemination IAARD Organization :

11. Organization ……… (Continued) • 7 Cross Cutting Disciplines (NRC): • Agriculture Land Resources • Agriculture Post Harvest • Agriculture Mechanization • Agriculture Biotechnology & Genetic Resources Management • Agriculture Technology Assessment Development • Paddy • Veterinary • 19 Commodity Research Institutes (RI) • 30 Assessment Institute of Agricultural Technology in all Provinces (AIATs)

12. Organization ……… (Continued) ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE IAARD 2006 IAARD BADAN LITBANG PERTANIAN SECRETARIAT ICECRD ICASRD ICASEP ICALTD ICFROD ICHORD IIRR IVETRI ICALRRD ICATAD ICABIOGRD ICAPOSTRD ICAERD IRIEC 30 AIAT’S ILETRI IVEGRI IRIAP IWETRI ISMECRI RITC ISRI ICERI IFRURI BCATRES BALITTASITOFCRI RITC IAHRI GOATRES TUNDRES ICOPRI IOCRI ISRI CITROPHRES RESIP REASE ICCRI IOPRI

13. Objective and Strategies Objectives : • To explore, identify, characterize, conserve and increase the usefulness of sustainable agricultural genetic resources potentials • To identify, characterize and produce technologies for optimal utilization of soils, water and agro climate resources • To produce and disseminate agricultural technologies and innovations to improve agribusiness efficiencies • To produce policy recommendations on social, economic and institutional matters • To produce a model for agribusiness development and management • To increase capacity, professionalism and moral integrity of human resources for agricultural R&D

14. Objectives and Strategies Strategies : • Improving natural resources utilization and focusing on prioritized research activities • Sharpening prioritization and harmonizing of R&D programs • Improving needs, relevance, quality and scientific and economic added value of R&D • Improving research collaboration and commercialization with other R&D institutions (national and international), universities, NGOs, private sector • Improving acceleration of dissemination and modality/ mechanisms for feedback on agricultural innovations

15. IAARD Main R&D Programmes IAARD Main R&D Programmes 2005-2009 • Agricultural Resources Management (land, water, climate, genetic resources) • Commodity (food crops, horticultural crops, estate crops, livestock : 17 main commodities) • Socioeconomic and Agricultural Added Value, including marketing and international trade. • Assessment and Acceleration of Agriculture Innovation (Technology and Institution) Dissemination • Research Institutional Development and Communication of Research Results

16. Reorientation for Agriculture R&D R&D IS DIRECTED / FOCUSED TOWARD : • Support agricultural development by producing applied technologies relevant to the development program set by DGs/MoA • Focus on a limited number of prioritized commodities and cross cutting issues • Strengthen linkages between NRCs/RIs, AIATs, extension services, private sector and farmers • Develop national and international R&D networking • Research must be quantifiable/measurable in term of outputs, time and budget efficiency: • Clear expected result and time frame • Shorten R&D turn around time: from basic, applied, prototype, and commercialization of research result

17. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES • High yield variety breeding and seed production on prioritized commodities • Production systems and techno-economy on food crops, horticultural crops, estate crops, and livestock • Bio-fuel technology development (on farm and primary products) • Detection and management of zoonostic diseases (avian flu, anthrax, japanese encephalities, etc) • Management of genetic resources and materials: sustainability and utilization of the resources

18. Agricultural……… (Continued) • Social economy and agriculture policy analysis : food security, employment, rural development, pricing policy, marketing and distribution, protection/subsidy, international trade • Land, water resources, climate and agricultural environment : resources management, optimal use and efficiency • Agriculture machinery: efficiency and value added • Post-harvest research: food diversification and value added • Biotechnology and genetic resources: application of modern biotech on agriculture

19. ASSESSMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OF LOCAL SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGIES • Research and Development on Local Specific Technologies implemented by 30 AIATs in 33 Provinces • Provide agricultural technology for locally specific needs • 2. PRIMA TANI • New approach of technology dissemination • Strengthen link among research-extentions-farmers/users • Participatory approach and community empowerment • Based on local/agro-ecosystem potential • Agribusiness development approach

20. PRIMA TANI: New concept in accelerating dissemination of agricultural innovations through development of agribusiness laboratorium as an example Instrument for piloting comprehensive innovation-driven rural agricultural development model Instrument to synergize participatory implementation of revitalization of agriculture by all agricultural stakeholders CONCEPT

21. OBJECTIVES OF PRIMA TANI • Accelerate dissemination and adoption of innovative technologies  increase in quantum of new innovations • Obtain feedback on characteristic of location- and user-specific appropriatetechnologies • Underpin and synchronization of agriculture ministry’s broad programs • Accelerate achievements of farmers’ welfare and agricultural and environmental sustainability

22. STRATEGY OF PRIMA TANI • To adopt appropriate technologies • To develop example of progressive agribusiness model based on innovative technologies • Promote diffusion and replication of example of innovative technologymodel • Streamline and synergize agriculture ministry’s Programmes in PRIMA TANI Locations • Use Participatory Approaches

23. OUTPUTS AND BENEFITS OUTPUTS BENEFITS • increased : • Farmers income & economic growth in rural areas • Implementation & quality of new innovations in agribusiness systems • Production/Trade/Consumption Systems Efficiencies • Accountability of IAARD roles in Agricultural Development • established : • Agribusiness Industrial Rural Areas • Farming Systems Intensification and Diversification

24. INSTITUTIONAL SCHEME FOR AGRIBUSINESS LABORATORIUM Extension Institution Agro-Processing Institution Production Input Institution Post-Harvest and Marketing Institution Farmers Groups Financial Services Institution Agribusiness Clinic Institution Agricultural Machinery/Equipment Services Institution

25. HIGHLIGHTS • Nationally, PRIMA TANI services support the implementation of agriculture revitalization • Locally, PRIMA TANI represents one of the many MoA support in promoting rural agribusiness development • Achievements of PRIMA TANI is determined by the synergistic cooperation from all stakeholders at national and local levels

26. IAARD-ACIAR COLLABORATION: Suggested Future Direction The ACIAR-Indonesia Collaboration had achieved some positive results, even though there are several problems in the management of our collaboration Suggestions: • Collaboration can be further strengthened and institutionalized • Project proposals should be complementary to Indonesian agricultural research agenda • Technology dissemination and transfer activities should be given greater emphasis

27. IAARD-ACIAR……… (Continued) • Continue focus on eastern Indonesia, but at the same time keep more attention to Java and Sumatera • High proportion of poverty • High contribution of agriculture product • More focus on commodities related to food security, job creation, and strong market demands (domestic and exports) • Issues related to major constraint in achieving efficiency and competitiveness

28. IAARD-ACIAR……… (Continued) • International issues and interest: • Avian influenza and trans boundary diseases • Agricultural International agreements & policies • Poverty aleviation • Capacity building • Training (short-term & long-term) related to research management and priority agricultural R&D issues

29. Thank You