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Islam Unit 2, SSWH 5 a & c

Islam Unit 2, SSWH 5 a & c. Origins of Islam. Muhammad (founder), Allah sent him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad was told he is a messenger. Islam: “submission to the will of Allah” in Arabic Muslim: “one who has submitted” Muhammad: considered the last & greatest prophet.

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Islam Unit 2, SSWH 5 a & c

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  1. IslamUnit 2, SSWH 5 a & c

  2. Origins of Islam • Muhammad (founder), Allah sent him an angel, Gabriel – Muhammad was told he is a messenger. • Islam: “submission to the will of Allah” in Arabic • Muslim: “one who has submitted” • Muhammad: considered the last & greatest prophet

  3. Beliefs • 5 Pillars: Faith, Prayer, Alms, Fasting, & Pilgrimage • People are responsible for their own actions • Qur’an or Koran: Muslim holy book • People follow the Sunna (Muhammad’s example) & Shar’ia (law)

  4. Religion Divides • Muhammad died in 632 A.D. & didn’t tell how to choose a successor (caliph) • Muslims split over the next caliph: Sunni and Shi’a • “Rightly Guided Caliphs” 4 were chosen after Muhammad’s death: loyal friends of Muhammad

  5. Sunni • Believed 1st four caliphs were correct • Believed Muslim rulers should follow the Sunna, Muhammad’s example • Claimed Shi’a distorted the meaning of the Qur’an

  6. Shi’a • Believed Ali, Muhammad’s son-in-law, should have succeed Muhammad • Believed Muslim rulers should descend from Muhammad • Didn’t recognize the authority of the Sunna • Claimed Sunni distorted the meaning of the Qur’an

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