Cracking the APA Code

1. Cracking the APA Code

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4. BQB JT IBSE, CVU OPU JNQPTTJCMF APA is hard, but not impossible.

5. What’s the code? King, S. J., & Turner, D. S. (2000). Caring for adolescent females with anorexia. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 32, 146–149. Retrieved from Health Source: Nursing Academic database.

7. APA learning curve Gradual enlightenment Eureka! Why me? ? #$%^&!

8. Regarding coenzyme Q10, there are only a handful of studies showing it to have any effect on wrinkles(Sources: Biofactors, September 1999, pages 371–378, and Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie, April 1999, pages 83–88). However, neither of these studies was a double-blind or placebo-controlled trial…. "CoQ10 supplements are readily absorbed by the body and no toxic effects have been reported for daily dosages as high as 300 mg though the safety of CoQ10 has not been established in pregnancy and lactation, so caution is advised here until more data becomes available" (Sources: International Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, February 1998, pages 11–12, and www.naturaldatabase.com). APA 3:Why bother? • To credit other authors • To allow readers to follow your research trail Dear Paula, Will coenzyme Q10 reduce wrinkles?

9. APA 3:Why bother? • Which is more helpful: • http://www.cosmeticscop.com • Begoun, P. (2007, February). Question of the month. Retrieved from Cosmetics Cop Web site: http://cosmeticscop.com/about/ question.asp?id=664

10. APA 3:Which is more credible? • Terrace, H. S., Petitto, L. A., Sanders, R. J., & Bever, T. G. (1979). Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206, 891-902. • Washoe: the signing chimp. (n.d.) Retrieved February 5, 2005, from Mrs. Smith’s third grade Web site: http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/ classprojects.html

11. Best way to learn APA? • Understand the principles. • Find and follow a model. • Realize it’s an iterative process.

12. Conclusion drawn by the writer; no citation First Principle • If it’s not cited, it’s yours. • Over the past 30 years, researchers have demonstrated that the great apes . . . resemble humans in language abilities more than had been thought possible. Just how far that resemblance extends, however, has been a matter of some controversy.

13. In-text citation points to reference list entry Second Principle • If it’s cited, you must provide enough information to locate the source. • In an influential article, Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) argued that the apes in language experiments . . . were merely imitating their trainers.

14. Where do we find Terrace et al? Eachin-text citation has a matching entry: In an influential article, Terrace, Petitto, Sanders,and Bever (1979) argued that the apes in language experiments… were merely imitating their trainers. • References • Terrace, H. S., Petitto, L. A., Sanders, R. J.,& Bever, T. G. (1979). Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206, 891-902.

15. In-text cites match ref. list References Savage-Rumbaugh, S., & Lewin, R. (1995). The ape at the brink of the human mind. New York: John Wiley. Tenebaum, D. (n.d.) Speaking to the relatives. Retrieved August 27, 2007, from Why Files Web site: http://whyfiles.org/058language/ape_talk.html Terrace,H. S., Petitto, L. A., Sanders, R. J., & Bever, T. G. (1979). Can an ape create a sentence? Science, 206, 891-902. In an influential article, Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) . . . How would the second article, “Speaking to the Relatives,” be cited? (Tenebaum, n.d.).

16. In-text cites match ref. list • Every in-text citation should have a matching reference list entry. • Exception: works with nonrecoverable data, such as letters, emails, or interviews, are cited only in text. (T. Westbrook, personal communication, February 12, 2005)

17. Third Principle • Elements in an APA citation follow a predictable order. • Author. (Date). Retrieval information. • Retrieval information varies by format: • Book • Article • Web site • Other--TV show, computer program, Congressional testimony….

18. PUBLISHER AUTHOR DATE TITLE PLACE APA Logic: 3—Order • Elements in an APA citation follow a predictable order • based on the format for a book: • Barrett, D. (2007). Waistland: The (r)evolutionary science behind our weight and fitness crisis. New York: Norton.

19. APA Logic: 3—EBSCO Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Retrieved from xxx database.

20. APA Logic: 3—EBSCO Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Retrieved from xxx database.

21. APA Logic: 3—EBSCO How do you turn raw data into an APA-style citation? Sorenson, S. (1998). Studying the models. How to write research papers. Retrieved from Academic Search Elite database.

22. APA Logic: Creating citations • Follow the model:Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Date). Title of article. Title of Periodical, ##, 000-000. Retrieved month day, year, from source. • Have EBSCO do it.

23. You have to correct this: APA without tears. (2007). New York: Mythos. APA Logic: Use citation maker • Remember, none are perfect:CitationMachine can’t handle sources with no authors.

24. APA Logic: Use citation maker • BibMe.org will load info, but you need to • scan the perimeter • check the results. Autism fact sheet: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). (2008, July 21). Retrieved from http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm

25. APA Logic: Using software You need to choose • APA documentation style • The type of source Note: EBSCO may be called an electronic database or a subscription service. • Fill in the blanks with the information you have.

26. APA Logic: 3—Omissions • Omit information you don’t have. • Usually go on to the next element. • If no author is given, the title becomes the first element in the citation. Parenthetical citation . . . (“Washoe,” Introduction section). Reference list entry Washoe: the signing chimp. (n.d.) Retrieved February 5, 2005, from Mrs. Smith’s third grade Web site: http://www.sdcoe.k12.ca.us/ classprojects.html

27. Where are citation makers? • Citation Machine (citationmachine.net) • BibMe (bibme.org) • EBSCO (choose APA format when emailing or printing)

28. APA 4: Find a model • See Strategies for Learning APA handout

29. What do I document? • Paraphrases—others’ ideas expressed in my words • Quotations—others’ ideas expressed in their words and set off with “ ”

30. APA learning curve Gradual enlightenment Eureka! Why me? ? #$%^&!