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BASINS Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Non-point Sources

BASINS Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Non-point Sources. Use of NHD in BASINS Presented at the NHD Application Symposium. Ed Partington EPA/Office of Water Henry Manguerra/Tetra Tech. EPA’s Office of Science and Technology. Mission

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BASINS Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Non-point Sources

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  1. BASINS Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Non-point Sources Use of NHD in BASINS Presented at the NHD Application Symposium Ed Partington EPA/Office of Water Henry Manguerra/Tetra Tech

  2. EPA’s Office of Science and Technology • Mission • To provide technical assistance and support to the Agency’s Water Quality Criteria and Standards Program • Develop methods, models, and procedures to support nationwide watershed studies (TMDLs, etc.) • To develop guidance on specific water quality issues

  3. Why BASINS Was DevelopedTMDL’s 1998 303(d) list cycle contained 21,845 waters with 41,318 separate impaired segments Top Five Impairments - Sediments, Pathogens, Nutrients, Metals, Dissolved Oxygen

  4. BASINS Integrates These Components With a GIS • 1. Watershed and Water Quality Models HSPF, SWAT, QUAL2E, PLOAD • 2. Assessment Tools and Utilities Target/Assess, Data Mining, Watershed Delineation, NHD Data Import, ... • 3. National databases DEM, GIRAS LULC, STATSGO, RF1, NHD, PCS, STORET, 100s weather stations, … • 4. Post-processing and Output Tools GenScn, WDMUtil, Models Reporting Function, ArcView

  5. BASINS 3.0 • New and Updated Models and Tools SWAT, PLOAD, WDMUtil, HSPFParm • Modularization (extensions) • Convert 700+ scripts into 20 extensions • More flexible - use of an extension manager • More open – encourage users and other developers to develop other extensions • Easy to update • Smaller initial core system – user may increase complexity as needed (e.g. use and non-use of Spatial Analyst) • New and Updated Data • GIS Grid Format Data (DEM, GIRAS LULC, STATSGO) • EPA/OW’s Permit Compliance System • National Hydrography Dataset

  6. Schematic Diagram of BASINS 3.0 BASINS GIS Interface Tools/ Utilities Watershed Delineation Automated w/ SA Watershed Delineation Manual - AV only. Generate Watershed Properties QUAL2E SWAT WIN HSPF PLOAD GenScn (Post-processor) Output and Analysis

  7. BASINS 3.0 Expanded Features and Utilities of HSPF and SWAT WIN HSPF Interface SWAT Interface WDM Utility (weather data editor) Manual or Automatic Watershed Delineator Weather Generation (optional) HSPF Parm HSPF V. 12 SWAT HSPF EXPERT GenScn (Post-processing) Output and Analysis

  8. Automated Watershed Delineator • Requires ArcView Spatial Analyst Extension • Ability to “Burn-in” Stream Network into topography -Stream network superimposed onto DEM to define stream network and to eliminate sinkholes and zero elevation to determine watershed boundaries • Ability to control watershed area by selecting a mask to zoom in on the amount of detail of the stream network and the size and number of subwatersheds of the study area. • Automatically calculates basic watershed characteristics from the DEM and other subwatershed themes

  9. Automated Watershed DelineationTool Specify DEM Source Designate Watershed Boundary (mask) Superimpose Stream Network for the Burn-In (RF1, route.reach in NHD) Threshold to control drainage density Modify subwatershed outlets. Add Reservoirs and Point Sources

  10. Manual Watershed Delineation • Non Spatial Analyst Version • Stream Theme is required (e.g. NHD) • Basis for drawing drainage area • Stream network • Stream characteristics • Suite of Editing Tools

  11. Rules of Delineation • Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments • Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) • Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds • Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) • Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

  12. B 2 2 3 3 C 1 1 A Not so Good Delineation Good Delineation Rule: Pour Point just upstream of confluence

  13. Rules of Delineation • Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments • Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) • Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds • Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) • Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

  14. B C B C A D A D E Not so Good Delineation Good Delineation Rule: Maximum of Two Upstream Watersheds

  15. Rules of Delineation • Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments • Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) • Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds • Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) • Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

  16. B B 2 2 3 3 C C 1 A 1 A Not so Good Delineation Good Delineation Rule: Hydrologically Connected Watershed

  17. Rules of Delineation • Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments • Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) • Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds • Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) • Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

  18. C B C B A Not so Good Delineation Good Delineation Rule: Single Subwatershed Downstream

  19. Rules of Delineation • Delineate so that the pour point of the subwatershed is just upstream of the confluence of two segments • Delineate so that a subwatershed will only have a maximum of two upstream watersheds (upstream left and upstream right) • Delineate hydrologically connected subwatersheds • Delineate so that only one subwatershed is most downstream (e.g. single pour point, no parallel systems) • Delineate so that a subwatershed is always associated with a unique stream segment

  20. C B 2 2 3 3 D C B A 1 1 A Good Delineation Not a Valid Delineation - System will not allow you to split a segment into two subwatersheds. Rule: Unique Segment

  21. Violation of the 5th Rule NHD - Rule Buster • Rule: Subwatershed per unique segment 2 2 3 1 1 RF 3 network (3 segments) NHD network (2 segments)

  22. New Algorithm • Eliminate the rule “subwatershed per unique segment” • Use dynamic segmentation concept

  23. New Algorithm A B 2 1 C D a b stream network recreated for modeling c d

  24. New Algorithm – Potential Linkage to Other Data Reach Address Database (RAD) Reach Segments Monitoring Locations Discharge Facilities

  25. NHD Lakes Yellow Creek

  26. NHD Lakes • Beware! – Wrong Delineation Yellow Creek

  27. NHD Lakes • Correct Delineation: Delineate around the lake

  28. NHD Download Tool • User selects CUs • System initiates FTP session and download NHD zipped files • Untar/Unzip files • Convert to shapefile and Project • Add to BASINS View

  29. NHD Download Tool - Results • In BASINS Project • Route.rch theme • Rflow table • In BASINS directory • NHD coverage in decimal degree • NHD shapefiles and rflow dbf file

  30. NHD Download Tool - Files • B3dm_nhdimport.avx • B3import.dll • B3import.ini • Tar.exe, gzip.exe

  31. NHD Download Tool – INI file • ; • [DATA TYPE]=NHD • [ITEM FIELD]=Cu • [TRANSFER PROTOCOL]=FTP • [TRANSFER TYPE]=FTPBINARY • [SERVER NAME]=edc.usgs.gov • [PROXY NAME]= • [PROXY BYPASS]= • [USER NAME]=anonymous • [USER PASSWORD]=basins@epa.gov • [REMOTE PATH]=/pub/data/nhd/fod_cache/228100/arc/ • [FILE EXTENSION]=tgz • [DATA FORMAT]=coverage • [ARCHIVE FORMAT]=tar,gzip • [ARCHIVE EXTRACT PATH]=%ITEM VALUE%\ • [DATA NAME]=nhd • [DATA LAYERS]=route.rch,region.lm,region.rch,region.wb,route.drain,route.lm,polygon,arc,labelpoint,node

  32. Summary • Modeling - Primary use of BASINS particularly for TMDL development • Use of the latest/greatest/site specific data • “So much Promise” (Data Integration) • Data quality and consistency • NHD Georeferencing (Impaired streams, monitoring stations, discharge facilities, etc.) • Data completeness, generation (e.g. stream characteristics, higher resolution, etc.) • Data encoding, storage, and distribution

  33. NHD NED WB NED-H Summary BASINS Website RAD STORET PCS WQ Monitoring DMR Location Data 303d/305b Download Tools GeoDatabase LAN BASINS Desktop TMDL Development 303(d) Listing Analysis 305(b) Analysis Etc.

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