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WEEK 1

WEEK 1. Thursday 15 July An analysis of an overview of BSE. Lecturer Prof Ir Dr Redzwan Prof Madya Dr Mahmad Nor. Biosystems Engineering. Biosystems  Biological systems Engineering Analysis, Design, Construct. Architect. Scientist.

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WEEK 1

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  1. WEEK 1 • Thursday 15 July • An analysis of an overview of BSE. • Lecturer • Prof Ir Dr Redzwan • Prof Madya Dr Mahmad Nor

  2. Biosystems Engineering • Biosystems  Biological systems • Engineering Analysis, Design, Construct Architect Scientist SYSTEMA group of interacting, interrelated, or interdependent elements forming a complex whole. Systemwhole compounded of several parts or members, …..literary "composition")

  3. Definition • Biological Systems ( Biosystems) Engineering is a broad and growing engineering field that integrates the expertise of fundamental engineering fields with expertise from non-engineering disciplines.( Biological systems) • Traditionally know as Agricultural Engineering.

  4. Biosystems Engineering • Integration of Engineering principles • With biologically-based systems • For sustainable production • Food & Biological materials • Efficient utilization of natural resources • Human health ( economic & social) • Harmony with environment.

  5. Engineering • Basic element in Engineering • Analysis ( Data, measure Input) • Design (Synthesis Process) • Control ( Monitor ,Manage,  Output )

  6. Engineering • Engineering is the application of a basic science, such as physics or chemistry, also biology to solve problems. • Traditionally, engineering has employed a single-pass approach to solve problems, using resources that produce waste at every step from processing to transport to consumption. • New-engineering paradigm profess “green practices”  Cradle to cradle.

  7. Biosystem • The biosphere is a complex, life-sustaining system comprising living and nonliving components. Land, water, and air systems interacting to produce food and support life on this planet are all part of the biosystems. ( refer to fig….) • Ecosystems are subset of biosystems. • Agrosystemsanthropogenic biosystems

  8. Definition of the Field Biosystems engineering is a broad-basedengineering field that integrates engineering principles with applied biological, agricultural and environmental sciences for the sustainable production of food and biomaterials and the efficient utilization of natural resources.1 Biosystems engineers apply engineering analysis, design and control to solve problems involving engineering aspects of agricultural production, biomaterials handling and processing for food and non-food products; and environmental resources management.1

  9. Sustainability • The development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Haimes 1992 ( United Nations)

  10. A biosystems engineer • A biosystems engineer employs the basic science of biology to enhance the well-being of animals, plants, and the biosphere. Unlike traditional engineering, which addresses problems to find immediate solutions, biosystems engineering looks at problems in loops--seeking the ultimate sources of problems to identify sustainable, environmentally sound solutions that minimize waste and continually recycle materials. AIMING to CLOSE THE LOOPS

  11. Biosystems engineers do • pollution control • waste management • integrated pest management • reducing the use of chemicals in food production • ensuring the quality and safety of our food supplies by using new technologies for food processing • developing renewable energy systems from solar and biomass sources • preserving wetlands by designing more efficient irrigation systems • improving the quality and productivity of plants and animals by making them less susceptible to disease

  12. Why Biosystems Eng ? • Instead of just Agricultural Engineering. • New Agriculture are more challenging , it is not only toiling the land but also using biotechnology and taking care of the environment as well. • BSE = Biotech + Agric + Environment. New Agriculture  Eng + ICT + Biotech

  13. BIOSystems engineering (1) Biosystems engineering is geared toward the rapid design and development of large and complex biological systems such as the large scale farming, plantations, controlled environment crop production. It uses results of engineering sciences and systems theories,shares techniques with operations research and is kin to software engineering and agricultural, which also tackles with designing complex systems.

  14. Biosystems Engineering (2) Also called concurrent engineering, systems engineering employs the systems approach within a broad horizon that covers analyses of goals and requirements, considerations of the system from cradle to grave, and the organization of multidisciplinary teams in developing the system.

  15. Generic Scope of Biosystems Engineering • Research in the physical sciences and engineering ( element of Analysis) • to understand, model, process or enhance biological systems ( element of Design) • for sustainable developments in agriculture, food, land use and the environment. ( Output)

  16. Mathematic CIVIL MECHANICAL ELECTRICAL ELECTRONIC Agricultural CHEMICAL ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIAL NUCLEAR BIOPROCESS BIOSYSTEM BIOENGINEERING Various Domain of Engineering base on Generic Sciences

  17. PROCESS OF ENGINEERING STUDY SYSTEM (EXPLORE & ESTABLISHED DIRECTION) (SET BOUNDARIES) BUILD SYSTEM INNOVATE,COMPUTED MODEL GOAL/PRODUCT TEST, EVALUATED, IMPROVED

  18. Breeding Irrigation Fermentation Fertilizations Mechanization Agro-Chemicals Marketing Genetic Engineering+ Control Environment* Bioprocessing+ Microbes &Agrowaste Mgt.+ Precision Farming* Biosynthesis products+ E-marketing (k-economy)* Pillars of Modern Agriculture20th Century- 21th Century

  19. Productivity Efficiency Profit maximization Diversity Modern Agriculture20th Century- 21th Century ICT & BIOTECNOLOGY DOMINATES AGRICULTURE Conventional marketing NEW MARKETING TECHNIQUES ( Specialty , niche)

  20. What is biosystems engineering?(NON-TECHNICAL DEFINATION) • Biosystems engineering combines engineering principles • with biology to solve problems. • They ensure that we have the necessities of life: • safe and plentiful food to eat • pure water to drink • healthy environmental resources

  21. Biosystem vs Bioprocess • Biological systems engineers design, manage, and develop systemsand equipment that produce, package, process, and distribute the world's food and fiber supplies • Bioprocess engineers develop and manage equipment and systems that process and distribute food and other biologically based materials

  22. SCOPE OF BIOSYSTEM ENGINEERING

  23. BROAD CLASSIFICATIONS BIOSYSTEM ENGINEERING ( Version 1) 1`.Automation and EmergingTechnologies (AE) - intelligent machines; automatic control; navigation systems; image analysis; biosensors; sensor fusion; Engineering for biotechnology; 2. Information Technology and the Human Interface (IT) – communications and field bus protocols operational research; biosystem modelingand decision support; machinery management; risk and environmental assessment; 3. Precision Agriculture (PA) agro-meteorology; food, fibre and forage crop production; extra-terrestrial bioproduction; yield, weed and soil mapping; geographical positioning systems; input reduction; integrated pest management ( GPS-GIS-DSS-CPS)

  24. BROAD CLASSIFICATIONS BIOSYSTEM ENGINEERING ( Version 1) 4. Power and Machinery (PM) tillage and earthmoving equipment; machines for the establishment, protection and harvesting of field, protected, and orchard crops; tractors and agricultural vehicles; dynamics, vibration and noise; forest engineering; hydraulics and turbomachinery; clean technology; 5. Postharvest Technology (PH) - properties of biomaterials; crop drying, processing and storage; opto-electronic size grading; ripeness, quality, damage and disease detection with optical reflectance, nuclear magnetic resonance and X-ray tomography; food packaging and processing; food chain integrity and foreign body detection

  25. BROAD CLASSIFICATIONS BIOSYSTEM ENGINEERING CONTINUE: 6. Structures and Environment (SE) design of buildings and control of their environment; livestock housing; dust and odour control; crop stores; horticultural glasshouses and plasticulture; composting and waste treatment; gaseous emissions; 7. Animal Production Technology (AP) - livestock welfare and ethology; health monitors; robotic milking and shearing; feed handling; animal draught; integrated stock management; stock handling, weighing, transport and slaughter; meat processing

  26. BROAD CLASSIFICATIONS BIOSYSTEM ENGINEERING CONTINUE: • Soil and Water (SW))- soil structure and properties; soil dynamics in tillage, traction and compaction; soil erosion control; crop water requirements; infiltration and transport processes; irrigation and drainage; hydrology; water resource management; hydroponics and nutrient status; 9. Rural Development (RD) - renewable energy; pollution control; protection of the rural environment; infrastructure and landscape; sustainability.

  27. CHALLENGES TO INCREASE RICE PRODUCTION.SYSTEM APPROACHED by combination of BIOLOGICAL & ENGINEERING factors OUTPUT BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL (CROP) ENVIRONMENTAL POTENTIAL (Soil ,WATER) SUSTAINABILITY $$$,EEE,SSS ENGINEERING BIOLOGICAL INPUT

  28. IMPROVED RICE PRODUCTION IN MODERN IRRIGATION SCHEMES • DUES TO INTRODUCTION OF A COMBINATION OF IMPROVED ENGINEERING PRACTICES AND ADOPTION OF NEW BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS ACCEPTABLE BY FARMERS • FROM < 3 TONS/HA  > 10 TONS/HA

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