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Earthquakes and Natural Disasters!

Earthquakes and Natural Disasters!. BY: Kiera O’Reilly. What is a Natural Disaster?.

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Earthquakes and Natural Disasters!

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  1. Earthquakes and Natural Disasters! BY: Kiera O’Reilly

  2. What is a Natural Disaster? • A natural disaster is exactly what it’s name is. Natural disasters are any event or force caused by nature, they also cause catastrophic damage to humans and the Earth’s surface. Natural disasters include avalanches, floods, earthquakes and etc.

  3. What is the main cause of an earthquake? • Earthquakes are caused when two of the Earth’s tectonic plates slip out of place. Where the tectonic plates slipped they make something called a fault or a fault plane. Since the plates slipped or went past each other they triggered the earth to start shaking because they are rubbing up against each other. Where the two plates rubbed up against each other is called the epicenter, and is where the earthquake is felt the most.

  4. What are the main effects of an earthquake? • Earthquakes have many effects to the earth and mankind, though the main effect is shaking of the ground, the shaking causes things to collapse in nature and towns/cities. Many buildings and houses collapse during earthquakes if the earthquake is strong enough. If they are light earthquakes it may just cause a slight shaking of the ground or swaying of your house/work building. In nature the shaking can cause avalanches, landslides, mudslides, and dropping boulders. These effects only happen during strong earthquakes, during a slight shake it may just cause some dirt to shift or some little rocks to go tumbling down.

  5. Can earthquakes be predicted? And if so, how? • As much as we wish you could predict an earthquake, it is just never going to happen. Many scientists have tried to predict earthquakes but have not been successfully able to. The truth is that we will probably never be able to. Earthquakes are a random thing and can happen anytime. Even though we can’t predict an earthquake we are however able to measure the strength and where it came from. Scientists have also tried to figure how to actually predict one, but none have had any successful tries.

  6. What can we do to stay safe from earthquakes? • There are many things you can do to stay safe and prepared for earthquakes. The main thing is knowing what to do if the ground starts to shake immediately. Everyone should know that if the ground starts to shake get under something sturdy that is close by. Cover your head with you arms and hold on. If you aren’t by anything sturdy drop down and cover your head with both your arms. Be sure to stay away from caved in ceilings, walls and windows. For more tips go to the next slide….

  7. Tips to stay safe • Fasten shelves securely to walls. • Place large or heavy objects on lower shelves. • Fasten heavy items such as pictures and mirrors securely to walls and away from beds, couches and anywhere people sit. • Brace overhead light fixtures and top heavy objects. • Store weed killers, pesticides, and flammable products securely in closed cabinets with latches and on bottom shelves. • Locate safe spots in each room under a sturdy table or against an inside wall. Reinforce this information by moving to these places during each drill. • Hold earthquake drills with your family members: Drop, cover and hold on. • Move away from buildings, streetlights, and utility wires • DROP to the ground; take COVER by getting under a sturdy table or another piece of furniture; and HOLD ON until the shaking stops. If there isn’t a table or desk near you, cover your face and head with your arms and crouch in an inside corner of the building • I used a link to get these facts, these are not my own words, Thank you to http://www.ready.gov/earthquakes

  8. Where do earthquakes occur most and why? • Earthquakes don’t happen in any specific space, therefore making no place on Earth earthquake free. Earthquakes happen mainly where two tectonic plates are colliding. Though, earthquakes do tend to happen more in Japan, Australia and some parts in South and North America(such as California). Earthquakes probably happen more in these areas because tectonic plates are on the “move” more often and because this is where the tectonic plate boundaries mainly are. Earthquakes also happen almost everyday, though a human does not feel most of them. • QUICK FACT- An average of 80,000 earthquakes per month, 2,600 per day, 2 per minute happen worldwide. These earthquakes can be felt or not felt by a human.

  9. Description of earthquakes • Earthquakes function because of two tectonic plates rubbing together. Earthquakes are really only caused one way and that would be the rubbing of tectonic plates. Earthquakes function this way because the rubbing of the two plates causes the ground to shake. It’s kind of like rubbing two sticks together and making fire.

  10. How does an earthquake change the surface of the earth? • Earthquakes change Earth’s surface only if they are able to felt or make visual damage. Earthquakes cause lots of mud/landslides, this would be changing the Earth’s surface because of all the land that has been moved out of place. Earthquakes can also put cracks in the Earth’s surface. This will separate two pieces of land/area on the Earth’s surface. • Go to the next page to see damage earthquakes can cause.

  11. Conclusion • In conclusion I have found that earthquakes change the earth’s surface in many ways. The shaking of the earth can cause things such as mudslides and avalanches, they also sometimes trigger tsunamis. Earthquakes can not only change the Earth’s surface but it can change thing in mankind. Earthquakes will knock down buildings and destroy homes.

  12. Quick Facts about earthquakes • The largest recorded earthquake that happened in the United States was 9.2 and happened in Prince William sound, Alaska on Good Friday, 1964. • The world deadliest earthquake happened in 1556 in Central China. It struck a region where most people live in caves carved from soft rock. These caves collapsed killing an estimated 850,000. • The state most prone to having earthquakes is Alaska. • In 1663 European settlers experienced their first earthquake. • Florida and North Dakota have the smallest amount of earthquakes in the United States. • About 500,000 earthquakes happen world wide which 100,000 can be felt and 100 cause damage.

  13. Bibliography • Thank you for watching! • And thank you to the following links….

  14. http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/images/fault_plane.jpghttp://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/glossary/images/fault_plane.jpg • http://static.enotes.com/images/earth/woes_01_img0015.jpg • http://www.ga.gov.au/hazards/earthquakes/earthquake-basics/where.html • http://eqseis.geosc.psu.edu/~cammon/HTML/Classes/IntroQuakes/Notes/earthquake_effects.html • http://www.ready.gov/earthquakes • http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php • http://kids.discovery.com/img/images/earthquakes-300.jpg

  15. http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY2pbZQNhAI/TXn0OWUAmnI/AAAAAAAAV4c/4M5wA5XrjO8/s1600/Earthquake.pnghttp://1.bp.blogspot.com/-MY2pbZQNhAI/TXn0OWUAmnI/AAAAAAAAV4c/4M5wA5XrjO8/s1600/Earthquake.png • http://www.csmonitor.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/images/0311-japan-earthquake-tsunami-after/9742077-1-eng-US/0311-Japan-Earthquake-tsunami-after_full_600.jpg • http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/facts.php • http://www.bgs.ac.uk/discoveringGeology/hazards/earthquakes/images/earthquake_damage.jpg • http://science-ed.pnnl.gov/teachers/plans/EarthChanges_Part1.pdf • http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/pp1551/images/coverphoto.jpg • http://nimg.sulekha.com/others/thumbnailfull/indonesia-earthquake-2009-9-2-23-10-11.jpg

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