Q4 Lesson 2_ Gandhi and the Road to Independence Level 1

1. Gandhi and the Road to Independence Learning Goal: I can explain how the actions of groups of people impacted the history of India. Essential Question: In what way did Gandhi’s actions impact India?

2. Civil Disobedience Type here: Type here: Directions: Complete the Frayer Model below for the vocabulary word “civil disobedience.” civil disobedience Type here: Type here:

3. Gandhi BrainPop Directions: As you watch the video, identify the major events that led to India’s independence from Britain.

4. You can use the Google Read&Write extension to have the article read aloud to you. It is in the top right of your internet browser. Mahatma Gandhi Directions: As you read, mark the text. Highlight: Things that influenced Gandhi’s beliefs ORANGE. Challenges that Gandhi faced BLUE. The impact that Gandhi had on India GREEN.

5. Mark the Text: Influences Challenges Impacts Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Gandhi was a leader of India’s independence movement. When India was a colony of Great Britain, Gandhi used nonviolent methods to protest against British rule. His efforts earned him the title Mahatma. Mahatma means “great soul.” Early Life Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, India. In his youth he learned the religions of Hinduism and Jainism. Nonviolence is one of Jainism’s main ideas. During his years at school, Gandhi was considered an average student. In 1887 he finished his studies at the University of Bombay. He then moved to England to study law. He returned to India in 1891. He tried to start a law career, but he was unsuccessful.

6. Mark the Text: Influences Challenges Impacts Mahatma Gandhi Work in South Africa In 1893 Gandhi took a job in a British colony in South Africa. There he saw Europeans mistreating Indian settlers. He got into politics to fight for Indian rights. Gandhi first used his method of nonviolent protest in 1906. He told Indians that they should not obey British laws that they thought were wrong. He also said they should stay peaceful no matter how they were punished for their actions. This new method of protest became known as satyagraha, or “devotion to truth.” Protests in India Gandhi returned to India in 1915. Within a few years he became India’s most powerful political leader. He led major protests in 1920–22, 1930–34, and 1940–42. Gandhi’s followers stopped using British goods. They refused to enter British courts and schools. In 1930 Gandhi led a protest against a British tax on salt. He led Indians on a march to the sea to collect their own salt. Gandhi was sometimes jailed for his actions.

7. Mark the Text:Influences Challenges Impacts Mahatma Gandhi Independence Gandhi was imprisoned for two years during World War II. He and other Indian leaders had demanded immediate independence as India’s price for aiding Britain in the war. After he was released, Gandhi continued to work for independence. India finally won its independence in 1947. It was a great victory for Gandhi. But he was disappointed because India’s land was divided into two new countries: India and Pakistan. Before and after India’s division, the country was torn by clashes between Hindus and Muslims. Gandhi tried to make peace. On January 30, 1948, in the city of Delhi, he was shot and killed by a Hindu man.

8. Mark the Text: Influences Challenges Impacts Mahatma Gandhi Place in History Gandhi was one of the greatest political and social leaders in the 20th century. His use of nonviolent protest eventually led to his country’s independence. Within his country, he supported the rights of both Hindus and Muslims. He also sought better treatment for groups everyone else looked down upon. Gandhi was admired by many influential people of his day and beyond. Albert Einstein, one of the greatest geniuses in the history of science, deeply admired Gandhi. Many others who have fought for equality and justice were inspired to follow the path forged by Gandhi. Martin Luther King, Jr., learned about Gandhi’s philosophy of nonviolence and used it to win victories for the civil rights movement in the United States.

9. Gandhi Character Map Character: Gandhi Directions: Use what we have learned to day to complete the character map of Gandhi. What others thought about Gandhi: What Gandhi said/did: Type here: Type here: How I feel about Gandhi: How Gandhi looked/felt: Type here: Type here:

10. Indian Independence Review and Assessment Learning Goal: I can explain how the actions of groups of people impacted the history of India. Essential Question: To what extent did Gandhi’s non-violent movement contribute toward Indian independence?

11. Mahatma Gandhi BrainPop Review Directions: As we watch the video, keep in mind the Essential Question. Essential Question: To what extent did Gandhi’s non-violent movement contribute toward Indian independence?

12. Gandhi CER Directions: Use the resources and notes from the last two classes to complete the CER below. Prompt: To what extent did Gandhi’s non-violent movement contribute toward Indian independence? Claim Answer to the Prompt. Evidence Sentence Starters: “Direct Quote” or Paraphrase • The document implies that insert paraphrase. • The image shows that insert observation. • One example from the text is “insert quote.” • Based on the map, insert observation. • According to the text, “insert quotation.” Evidence Proof that supports the claim. Reasoning Sentence Starters: • This evidence shows… • The evidence from the document means… • This expresses the idea that… • The evidence confirms that… • The evidence proves… • This quote proves… • The author seems to be making the point that ... Reasoning Explanation of how the evidence supports the claim.