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Wayne County EMS

Wayne County EMS. Emergency First Aid and CPR. EMERGENCY FIRST AID.

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Wayne County EMS

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  1. Wayne County EMS Emergency First Aid and CPR

  2. EMERGENCY FIRST AID • If you are the first on the scene of accident that results in an injury or serious illness, you may be the only link between a victim and emergency medical care. Your role is to take action, whether by providing first aid, seeking medical help or calling 911. Your actions may improve the victims chance of recovery.

  3. REMEMBER!!!UNIVERSAL PRECAUTIONS: • The routine use of appropriate barrier precautions to prevent skin and mucous membrane exposure when contact with blood or other body fluids of any individual may occur or is anticipated. • Universal Precautions apply to blood and to all other body fluids with potential for spreading any infections.

  4. CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATIONCPR ABC’s • AIRWAY - Open the airway with the tilt-chin method. • Breath - give two breaths. • Check circulation. • If there is no pulse or breathing…..(next slide)

  5. CPR Continued • … Perform chest compressions. • 30 compressions and two breaths. • Count = 1&2&3&4&5…&30 • Call 911.

  6. RESCUE BREATHING • 1 breath every 5 seconds - 12 per minute. • Compressions : ventilations = 30:2

  7. First Aid for a Choking Conscious Adult and children (1-8 years old) • Determine if the person can speak or cough.If not, proceed to the next step. • Perform an abdominal thrust (Heimlich Maneuver) repeatedly until the foreign body is expelled.

  8. First Aid for a Choking Conscious Adult and children (1-8 years old) • A chest thrust may be used for markedly obese persons or in late stages of pregnancy. • If the adult or child becomes unresponsive perform CPR- if you see an object in the throat or mouth, remove it.

  9. Burns

  10. BLEEDING • Apply direct pressureto the wound(at this time a direct pressure bandage may be used) • Elevate(do not further harm) • Pressure Point additional pressure may be applied to a pressure point to help reduce bleeding.

  11. Bleeding

  12. Bleeding

  13. BLEEDING • Nose Bleed: • Nosebleeds can be caused by an injury, disease, the environment, high blood pressure, and changes in altitude. They frighten the individual and may bleed enough to cause shock. • If the bleeding is due to a head injury and you suspect a fractured skull, do not stop the bleeding. Cover the nose with a loose, dry, sterile dressing and call the local emergency number or medical personnel.

  14. BLEEDING • If the individual has a nosebleed due to other causes, do the following: • 1. Keep the individual quiet, sitting with head tilted forward. • 2. Pinch the nose shut (if there is no fracture), place ice or cold packs to the bridge of the nose, or put pressure on the upper lip just below the nose. Seek medical assistance if the nosebleed continues, bleeding starts again, or bleeding is because of high blood pressure. If the individual loses consciousness, place them on their side to allow blood to drain from the nose and call the local emergency number(911).

  15. BLEEDING • Penetrating Objects • DO NOT remove the object. Stabilize the object by using bulky dressing around the object and secure it in place.

  16. BLEEDING Wrap in dry sterile or clean bandage or cloth. • Severed Body Part • Control Bleeding • Contact 911 • Wrap up body part in sterile or clean cloth. • Place in a plastic zip lock bag and place in cold water. COLD WATER

  17. CARE FOR SHOCK • Keep the victim laying down (if possible). • Elevate legs 10-12 inches… unless you suspect a spinal injury or broken bones. • Cover the victim to maintain body temperature. • Provide the victim with plenty of fresh air. • If victim begins to vomit - place them on their left side. • Call 911.

  18. FIRST AID FOR SPRAINS AND STRAINSI-C-E • I - Ice, apply a cold pack. Do not apply ice directly to skin. • C - Compress, use an elastic or conforming wrap - not too tight. • E - Elevate, above heart level to control internal bleeding.

  19. CARE FOR DISLOCATIONS AND FRACTURESI-A-C-T • I - Immobilize area. Use pillows, jackets, blankets, etc. Stop any movement by supporting injured area. • A - Activate Emergency Medical Services (EMS), call 911. • C - Care for shock. See “Care for Shock” slide. • T - Treat any additional secondary injuries.

  20. DISLOCATIONS AND FRACTURES

  21. Fractures

  22. OUCH!

  23. Spider Bites

  24. Allergic Reaction • Some reactions may be severe and cause life-threatening events • Signs and symptoms: Mild allergy • Warm, red skin • Hives • Itching • Localized swelling • Itchy, watery eyes • Headache • Runny nose

  25. Signs and symptoms: Severe reaction • Hoarseness • Tachypnea • Tachycardia • Hypotension • Dizziness • Throat tightness • Shortness of breath • Cough • Wheezing Allergic reactions can progress rapidly without proper treatment If patient has known allergy, an EpiPen may have been prescribed by a physician Epinephrine dilates bronchioles and constricts blood vessels

  26. Asthma • Signs & Symptoms • Severe respiratory distress • Wheezing • Cyanotic • Call 911 immediately • If symptoms persist

  27. Diabetes Anxiety Diaphoresis Hunger Hypertension Palpitations Tachycardia Blindness Coma Confusion Decreased visual acuity Headache Seizures Visual hallucinations Weakness Slurred Speech Inappropriate words Non-purposeful movements administer one tube of Oral glucose

  28. POISONING • Assess the scene for clues and safety. • Get victim away from poison if necessary. • Provide care for any life threatening conditions. • Check Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). • Notify medical staff or on-call Doctor. • Call the Poison Control Center and 911 when necessary.

  29. Generalized Seizure • Also called “Grand Mal” or Tonic-Clonic • Starts with an aura (an altered sensation felt by the patient) • Followed by loss of consciousness with rigid extension (Tonic phase) • Followed by apnea, incontinence, and alternating contraction and relaxation of the extremities (clonic phase) • The seizure ends with a postictal phase in which the patient’s LOC gradually improves

  30. Field treatment for seizures • Place patient in left sided recovery position to prevent aspiration of secretions • Rapidly assess the patient for life threatening injuries • Call 911 • DO NOT PUT ANYTHING IN THEIR MOUTH! • DO NOT TRY TO HOLD THEM DOWN • Move any objects that might injure patient

  31. Remember when in doubt Call 911

  32. THE ENDWayne Co. EMS

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