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H. CH 3. 2. (1). C. C. HOCH 2. H. (4). CH 2 - CH - OH. (3) O 2 N. OCH 2 CH 3. (5) CH 3 - CH - CH - CH 3. (6) CH 2 - CH - CH 2 CH 3. OCH 3. OCH 3. O. 第八章 醇酚醚习题解答. 1. (1) 2- 丁醇 (2) 1,4- 戊二醇 (3) 4- 溴 -1,2- 苯二酚 (4) 3- 甲氧基 -2- 戊醇.
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H CH3 2. (1) C C HOCH2 H (4) CH2-CH-OH (3) O2N OCH2CH3 (5) CH3-CH-CH-CH3 (6) CH2-CH-CH2CH3 OCH3 OCH3 O 第八章 醇酚醚习题解答 1. (1) 2-丁醇 (2) 1,4-戊二醇 (3) 4-溴-1,2-苯二酚 (4) 3-甲氧基-2-戊醇 (5) (E)-4-己烯-2-醇 (6) (E) -2-甲基-1-乙基环己醇 (7) 乙基异丙基醚 (8) 1-(4-甲基苯基)-1,2-乙二醇 (9) 4-甲基-1-甲氧基-2-戊醇 (10)3-甲基-2-环己烯-1-醇 (2) H2C = CHCH2-O -CH2CH2CH2CH3
CH3 OCH3 (7) CH3-C-CH2OH (8) OCH3 CH3 OH CH2ONO2 (10) (9) NO2 O2N CHONO2 CH2ONO2 NO2 5. CH2 = CHCH2OH(a) 很快出现混浊(a) Lucass 试剂 (1) CH3CH2CH2OH (b) 加热后出现混浊(b) 加热也无混浊(c) CH3CH2CH2Cl (c) 3. (2) > (1) > (3) 4. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4) 理由略
CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3(a) 很快出现浑浊者为 (c) (2) Lucas试剂 CH3CH2CH2CH2OH(b) 几分钟出现浑浊者为(a) (CH3)3COH (c) 加热出现浑浊者为 (b) CH2OH(a) 放出气体(a) (3) Na AgNO3 CH2Cl (b) 无现象 (b) 出现沉淀(b) 乙醇 无现象 (c) OCH3 (c) 无现象 (c) (4) F e C l 3
OH (6) Br- - Br (5) Br (2) -OH + CH3CH2I O (3) CH3-CH-CHCH3 (4) -CH2O-C-CH3 Cl CH3 OH 6. (1) (CH3)2C = CHCH2CH3 (7) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OMgBr, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
+ 7. (1) H HBr CH CHCH(CH ) CH CH C ( C H ) 3 3 2 3 3 2 O H KOH CH CH C(CH ) CH CH C(CH ) 3 2 3 2 H O 3 2 3 2 2 Br OH SOCl NaCN (2) H+ 2 CH CHCH CH CH CHCH CH CH CHCH CH 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 H O CH CH OH 3 2 2 O H Cl C N 浓硫酸 LiAlH CH CH CHCH CH CH CHCH CH 4 C H CH CH C 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 H O 2 C O O H CH C H 3 3 HBr NaOH/C H OH 2 5 CH CH Br(CH ) C(CH ) CH CH 3 2 3 2 3 2 3
Br H2SO4 HBr (2) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH = CH2 CH3CH2CH-CH3 △ PCl NaCN (3) CH3CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH2Cl CH3CH2CH2CN OH CH3 CH3COOH 乙醇 NaOH CH3CH2CH-CH3 CH3COOCHCH2CH3 H-OH H+,△ H-OH CH3CH2CH2COOH H+ PCl3 Mg O 8. (1) (CH3)3COH (CH3)3CCl (CH3)3CMgCl 干醚 干醚 H2O (CH3)3CCH2CH2OMgCl (CH3)3CCH2CH2OH H+ 9.(1)乙醚中含有少量乙醇,可先用固体CaCl2,除去少量乙醇,再蒸馏即可。
Na * H-OH (CH3)2CHCHCH3 (CH3)2CH-CHCH3 10. NaOH Br OH (A) (B) (CH3)2CHCHCH3 + H2↑ ONa OH ①O3 浓H2SO4 (CH3)2CH = CHCH3 (CH3)2CHCHCH3 △ ②Zn/H2O (C) CH3 C=O + CH3CHO CH3 (2) 先用生石灰吸收水分,再用分子筛进一步 除水。 (3) 先用NaOH与苯酚生成酚盐后分液(环己醇不溶于NaOH溶液)。