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Skeletal System

Skeletal System. Functions support framework buried in muscles and other tissues protection protect (enclose) delicate structures. e.g. skull encloses brain, sternum/ribs protect heart/lungs. 3. movement muscles anchored to bones contract and pull on bones 4. storage stores calcium

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Skeletal System

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  1. Skeletal System Functions • support framework buried in muscles and other tissues • protection protect (enclose) delicate structures e.g. skull encloses brain, sternum/ribs protect heart/lungs

  2. 3. movement muscles anchored to bones contract and pull on bones 4. storage stores calcium maintains calcium levels in blood 5. hemopoiesis blood cell formation occurs in red bone marrow -required for nerve and muscle function -bld. calcium dec., calcium moves out of storage -bld. calcium inc., calcium moves into bones

  3. -wrist bones -skull Types short flat irregular long diaphysis “shaft” hollow tube medullary cavity hollow area inside diaphysis contains yellow bone marrow -vertebrae -femur, humerus -fatty, inactive marrow

  4. epiphysis ends of bone “spongy” spaces filled with red bone marrow articular cartilage thin layer covering each epiphysis acts as cushion at joints periosteum membrane that covers bone diaphysis endosteum membrane that lines medullary cavity

  5. Tissue Types Found in Bone Bone Compact • hard, dense outer layer • matrix organized into osteons, or Haversian systems • multiple layers of calcified matrix • each single ring called concentric lamella • lamellae surround central canal, which contains a blood vessel

  6. -bone cells -tiny passageways or canals • contains osteocytes • osteocytes lie in spaces called lacunae • canaliculi connect lacunae to each other and to central canal • nutrients pass from blood vessel thru canaliculi to osteocytes Spongy • porous • trabeculae • threads of spongy bone -in ends (epiphyses) of bones -spaces filled with red bone marrow

  7. Cartilage • fibrous, gel matrix • flexible • contains chondrocytes • no blood vessels, nutrients must diffuse • cartilage heals slowly

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