Lodi Unified School District Advanced Placement Pathways

1. Lodi Unified School DistrictAdvanced Placement Pathways INTRODUCTION TO PRE-AP STRATEGIES

2. What is Pre-AP? Pre-AP is a set of content-specific strategies designed to: • Build rigorous curricula • Promote access to AP for all students • Introduce skills, concepts, and assessment methods to prepare students for success when they take AP and other challenging courses

3. What is Pre-AP? (con’t) • A instructional process to strengthen the curriculum and increase the academic challenge for all students • An inclusive program for encouraging more students to access higher learning • A tool for working together in the same direction • A new way of thinking and approaching the classroom

4. Who should be considered for AP Pathways? • GATE identified students • AVID identified students • Underrepresented student sub-groups • Student/Parent/Guardian choice/request • Teacher/Counselor/Administrator choice/request

5. Pre-AP Strategies in Social Science History(US, European) Government Economics Human Geography Psychology a study of change over time

6. Pre-AP Strategies in Social Science (Con’t) Students should be able to recognize and understand: • Cause and effect relationships • Multiple causations • Trends, themes, and interactions • The importance of BOTH change and continuity is shaping human events

7. Pre-AP Strategies for Social Science Primary Source Analysis Strategies • APPARTS: Author, Place and time, Prior Knowledge, Audience, Reason, The main idea, Significance

8. G-Persia • G—Geographic • P-- Political • E—Economic • R—Religious • S—Social • I—Intellectual • A--Artistic

9. C-GRIPES • C—Cultural • G—Geographic • R—Religious • I—Intellectual • P—Political • E—Economic • S--Social

10. SPRITE • S—SOCIAL • P—Political • R—Religious • I—Intellectual • T—Technological • E—Economic

11. SPEC • S—SOCIAL • P—P0litical • E—Economic • C--Cultural

12. SOAPSTone • S—Speaker • O—Occasion • A—Audience • P—Purpose • S—Subject • T--Tone

13. OPTIC • O—Overview • P—Parts • T—Title • I—Interrelationships • C—draw a Conclusion

14. BART • B—BIAS • A—Attribution • R—Reliability • T--Tone

15. Strategies for going from Main Idea to Details Big Picture Strategy Creating Guiding Questions Working from Essential-Thematic Questions

16. Strategies for going from Details to Main Idea • Conceptual Identifications • Using Subheadings • Generating main ideas from a reading • Half-page solutions (note-taking strategy)

17. Strategies for Synthesizing Information • Categorization • Generalization • Evaluation

18. Assessment Strategies 1. Multiple Choice—test-taking strategies • Tips 2. Designing effective questions • Improving Student Writing • Focus on Thesis

19. Assessment Strategies(con’t) 3. Writing supporting paragraphs 4. Writing effective conclusions 5. Construction/use of Rubrics 6. Frequent and appropriate use of past AP exams as models and skill-building strategies

20. Pre-AP Mathematics Pre-AP Strategies in Mathematics and Statistics

21. Pre-Ap Mathematics • Posing Questions • Reflection • After-class Debriefing • Classroom Illustration(s) • Use of Circular Objects

22. Teaching from a Conceptual “Big Picture” view of Mathematics • Identifying and Generating Patterns • What’s the Rule? • Deducing Relationships • Looking below the surface— Identifying common structures • Sequencing Problems

23. Teaching from a Conceptual “Big Picture” view of Mathematics (con’t) • Talking Mathematically—Class Discussions • Providing Summaries • Indicating Agreement • Retelling Problems • Assembling Clues

24. Math Assessments • Formative • Summative • Short Answer Tests • Use of past AP Tests

25. Pre-AP Science Pre-AP Strategies in Science

26. Pre-AP Science Strategies • Individualized Instruction • Electronic Communication • Technology Tools in Education

27. Pre-AP Science Strategies (con’t) Applying Technology in the Classroom Observation and Analyses Small Group Collaborative learning Multimedia Quizzes/Tests The Calculator-Computer Connection

28. Pre-AP Science Strategies (con’t) • Using Computers in the Science Classroom Integrating Power point Concept mapping Drawing a Concept Map • Using Spreadsheets to Analyze Experimental data

29. Pre-AP Science Strategies (con’t) • Creating a Live Web Page • Linking the Graphic Calculator to the Computer • Use of Scientific and Graphing Calculators • Scaffolding Science Lessons/Labs for various Grade Levels

30. Pre-AP Science Strategies (con’t) • Improving Reading Comprehension PACA—Predicting and Confirming Activity QAR--Question/Answer Relationship K-W-L

31. Pre-AP Science Strategies (con’t) • I-N-S-E-R-T: Interactive Notation System for Effective Reading and Thinking • Spider (Web) Map • Continuum Scale (Time Line) • Series of Events Chain

32. Pre- AP Science Strategies (con’t) • Fishbone Map • Concept map • Human Interaction Outline • Problem/Solution Outline • Cycle • Use of past AP Exams

33. Pre-AP English English Pre-AP Strategies

34. English teachers who utilize Pre-AP strategies at any grade level must: • Introduce literary terminology and definitions. • Model the application of terminology to the reading of the work. • Structure activities to ask students to explore a work and independently recognize the elements of style, use of literary techniques, etc.

35. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Structure close critical reading experiences • Select passage from works that illustrate an author’s style, technique, etc. • Teach students to write a prose-analysis essay • Provide historical background of a work of literature when necessary.

36. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Levels of Questioning • SOAPSTone: S—Subject O—Occasion A—Audience P—Purpose S—Speaker T--Tone

37. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Literary Analysis Strategies SIFT—Symbol, Images, Figures of Speech, Tone and Theme • Dante’s fourfold Method: Analyzing Symbol and Allegory • Aristotelian Theory of Criticism

38. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) LEAD: Analysis of Diction L—Low or informal diction E—Elevated language or formal diction A—Abstract and concrete diction D—Denotation and connotation

39. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Advanced Syntactical strategies • Syntax Analysis Worksheet • Introduction and analysis of Archetypes • DIDLS: Diction, Images, Details, Language, Sentence Structure

40. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • TP-CASTT: Title, Paraphrase, Connotation, Attitude, Shifts Title (again) Theme

41. Metacognitive Strategies • Thinking Notes • Reading Aloud • Thinking Aloud

42. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) Ladders of Questions Reading Journals Reading Strategies Annotating Texts Discussion Methods Fishbowl Discussions Timed Discussions

43. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) Reading Conferences Bulletin Board Threaded Discussions Literature Circles Using Graphic Organizers

44. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • SMELL: Sender-receiver relationship Message Emotional strategies Logical Strategies Language

45. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • TWIST: Tone Word Choice Imagery and detail Style Theme

46. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Assessment Strategies PAMDISS: Writing Strategy— Purpose, Audience, Mode, Diction, Images/Concrete Details, Syntax, Structure

47. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Self-Evaluation and Revision: The Four Bases of Effective Writing • Peer Editing • Teacher-Made Scoring Guides and Rubrics • Use of AP Exam Student Samples

48. Pre-AP English Strategies (con’t) • Modification of AP Exam questions to meet classroom objectives • Use of Past AP Exams