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Feudal Japan and Europe

Feudal Japan and Europe. Directions: As you view the first section of the slide show you must fill out the student comparison sheet in order to answer the questions. 1. Comparison One: How do the two regions compare politically? 2. Compare Shotoku Taishi and Charlemagne. Yamato Period.

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Feudal Japan and Europe

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  1. Feudal Japan and Europe

  2. Directions: As you view the first section of the slide show you must fill out the student comparison sheet in order to answer the questions. 1. Comparison One: How do the two regions compare politically? 2. Compare Shotoku Taishi and Charlemagne.

  3. Yamato Period

  4. Japan Yamato Period: 300 A.C.E.-710 A.C.E. Began promoting adoption of Chinese culture: • Confucianism • Language (characters) • Buddhist sects • Chinese art & architecture • Government structure

  5. Prince Shotoku Taishi

  6. Prince Shotoku Taishi : 573-621 • Adopted Chinese culture and Confucianism • Buddhist sects allowed to develop. He is considered the father of Buddhism in Japan • Created new government structure: • 17 Article Constitution • Highly Confucian and focused on morals to be expected of government officials and subjects. • Emperor ruled with absolute authority and was considered divine.

  7. Europe in the 6th century

  8. Charlemagne: 742 to 814 A.C.

  9. Europe Charlemagne: 742 – 814 A.C.E. Holy Roman Empire • Created an imperial bureaucracy • Standardized weights and measures • Imperial Ruler (Absolute Authority) • Empire

  10. Pope Crowned CharlemagneHoly Roman Emperor: Dec. 25, 800. This firmly tied the Role of Emperor to The will of God.

  11. Charlemagne’s Empire

  12. Charlemagne’s Empire Collapses: Treaty of Verdun843 Divided the Empire between Charlemagne’s sons. Ending the 3 year long Carolingian War.

  13. Europe: England: Magna Carta, 1215 • King John I of England • Forced to sign the “Great Charter” • -monarchs were not above the law. • - kings had to consult a council of advisors. • -kings could not tax arbitrarily. Compare to the Japanese constitution of Prince Shotoku

  14. Comparison Two: Religion and Religious Institutions Compare the ways Buddhism spread in China and the ways Christianity spread in Europe. Compare the roles of monks and monasteries in the two religions.

  15. Japan Zen Buddhism Japanese variation of Buddhism • Came from India through China • Reinforced Bushido values of mental and self-discipline • Buddhist monasteries became very wealthy • Buddhist Missionaries converted many peoples through miracle working. • Conversion was never forced. • Monasteries were centers of learning, charity, and protection for the poor. • East Asian Buddhism (Open Land and Zen Buddhism) promised Salvation for its followers

  16. The Medieval Catholic Church • Monasticism: - Benedictine Rule of poverty, chastity, and obedience were enforced for monks. -Provided schools for the children of the upper class. - Served as inns, hospitals, refuge in times of war. -Maintained libraries & scriptoria to copy books and illuminate manuscripts. • -monks became missionaries to the barbarians and many conversions came about due to miracles performed -Conversion was both voluntary and forced depending on the region. -Christianity was brought to Europe from the Fertile Crescent -Christianity promised salvation for its followers

  17. Social and Political: Compare the Japanese Heian Period with the High Middle Ages leading to the Renaissance in Europe

  18. Heian Period: 794-1156 • Growth of large landed estates • Arts & literature of China flourished • Elaborate court life [highly refined] • Personal diaries • The Pillow Book by Sei Shonagon [10th century] A story of court life. • First novel • The Tale of Genji by Lady Murasaki Shikibu • [1000 pgs.+] • Moving away from Chinese models in religion, arts, and government and becoming more uniquely Japanese

  19. Heian Period:Cultural Borrowing • Chinese writing • Chinese artistic styles • Buddhism [Zen] • BUT, not Chinese civil service system!

  20. Japan: Heian Period • Women have many rights and freedoms • Court life is highly refined • Poetry and art flourish • Shoguns take real power over government • Economy based on agriculture and land ownership

  21. Heian Court Dress

  22. The Pillow Bookby Sei Shonagon (diary)

  23. Lady Murasaki Shikibu She contributed much to the Japanese script known as kana, while men wrote with Chinese characters, kanji.

  24. Minamoto Yoritomo Founded the Kamakura Shogunate: 1185-1333 Led a warrior coalition of Samurai to victory over Japan. Allowed the emperor to remain in Kyoto and to continue to reign as the symbolic head of state. Japan is now effectively ruled by its warrior class. This system would last for the next seven centuries.

  25. Ashikaga Age: 1338-1573 • Shogunsfought for power • Laws are unclear • Less efficient than Kamakura • Armies of samurai protected the country

  26. Europe: Medieval Manor: Medieval Economic System is based on agriculture

  27. Europe: Medieval Trade

  28. Europe: Medieval Universities

  29. Medieval Guilds Guild Hall • Created commercial Monopolies: • Guilds Controlled membershipapprentice journeyman  master craftsman • -Controlled quality of the product [masterpiece]. • -Controlled prices • -Stimulated new urban economies as opposed to the manorialism

  30. CASTLES

  31. Social Structure: Compare Japanese Feudal Structure to European Feudal Structure

  32. Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Japan: Shogun Land - Shoen Loyalty Land - Shoen Daimyo Daimyo Loyalty Samurai Samurai Samurai Food Protection Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant

  33. Feudalism A political, economic, and social system based on loyalty, the holding of land, and military service. Europe King Land - Fief Loyalty Land - Fief Lord Lord Loyalty Knight Knight Knight Food Protection Peasant Peasant Peasant Peasant

  34. The emperor reigned, but did not always rule! Feudal Society

  35. Medieval Warriors vs. Knight’s Armor Samurai Armor

  36. Medieval Warriors vs. European knight Samurai Warrior

  37. Warwick Castle, England

  38. Japan: Main Gate of Hiroshima Castle

  39. Caernorfon Castle, Wales

  40. Osaka Castle

  41. Europe: Parts of Medieval Castle

  42. Europe: Chivalry: A Code of Honor and Behavior

  43. Europe: Code of Chivalry • Justice • Loyalty • Courage • Faith • Humility • Nobility

  44. Japan: Code of Bushido • Fidelity • Politeness • Virility • Simplicity

  45. Warfare: Contrast the invasions of Japan by the Chinese Mongols with the attacks of the Europeans on the Fertile Crescent

  46. Pope Urban II: Preaching a Crusade against the Muslims Christians were to retake Jerusalem from the Muslims. The reason given was to protect Christian holy places from Muslim destruction after a fire was set in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher.

  47. Christian Crusades: East and West: Christians gained Control of the Fertile Crescent • 1st crusade captured Jerusalem 1099 • Muslims got it back in 1187

  48. Mongol“Invasions”of Japan Kublai Khan (the Mongol ruler of China) sent 4,400 ships and 140,000 men, but kamikaze winds stopped them. China failed to take Japan both times it tried under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty

  49. Second Mongol invasion of Japan: 1281 A.C.E.

  50. Compare and Contrast Essay Assignment: Compare and Contrast European and Japanese Societies during the post-classical period.

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