Richard A Wysk Dopaco Distinguished Professor North Carolina State University February 9, 2010

1. Richard A Wysk Dopaco Distinguished Professor North Carolina State University February 9, 2010 Engineering and Manufacturing Tools for Biomedical Discovery and Innovation:AResearch Extensive University perspective

2. A couple of potential areas for investigation Requirements for investigators Changes in methods of research and cooperation Some examples of collaboration Edward Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU AGENDA

3. Medical devices • Single function entities • Bioinert focus of the past • Make devices bioactive, e.g., bactericidal • Custom devices • One size fits all • Individually designed Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Potential areas of investigation

4. Put things in our body that more closely perform the services of original equipment • Knees • Hips Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Bioactive residual hardware devices Aseptic loosening

5. Trabecular metal Bactericidal coatings Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Bioactive materials for rhds

6. Engineers need to understand biology and how engineered materials interact with it • Engineering/life sciences • Engineers need to create biomimetic materials • Life sciences/design • Engineers need to know how to make RHDs • Product/process Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Engineering issues for rhds

7. Bone resorption and growth • The role of fit and function • Individually customized RHDs for optimal performance • Better understanding the form and fit Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Better Understanding the human body and biology

8. Life sciences with an engineering focus; size of things, dynamics and general relationships, etc. • Life sciences for engineers • Nano sciences with a medical perspective • Using nano-processing for custom commercial products Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU General Educational needs

9. Doctors have long known that people differ in susceptibility to disease and response to medicines. But, with little guidance for understanding and adjusting to individual differences, treatments have generally been standardized for the many, rather than the few. customized medicines and devices Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Engineer better medicines/devices

10. Determine the functional requirements • Size, tolerance • Susceptibility and dosage Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Very rapid manufacturing of parts

11. Customize products for specific patients • MRI, CAT scan, X-Ray and model • How to make the required part • Process engineering for multi-function • Making things in an aseptic environment Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Making things very quickly and ..

12. Different kinds of laboratories are necessary for biomedical discovery • Aseptic • Class 2 bacteria • Expensive equipment and maintenance • Nano/micro size components • Different languages and experiences Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU The research environment

13. Colaboratories • FAMU/FSU has a great composites Center • Use local resources and partner with others • Establish points of excellence • Bioprocessing (as in machining bone) • Microbiology lab for engineered samples • Integrative research with medical schools • Colleges of engineering and medicine Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Shared resources

14. Different than other technology problems • Not a narrow understanding area • An economic matter • We can not continue to improve technology that increases the cost of practice Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Engineering and scientific skills

15. Engineers, in general, do not have a solid grounding in the Life Sciences. That may be critical for understanding the challenges. We still will have needs for “conventional” engineering skills, e.g., mechanics There are no great programs/places out there that know how to put this together. Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Personal Observations

16. I identified more issues and questions than answers Fitts I.S.E. Dept., NCSU Questions?!?