1 / 8

Mutations

Mutations. Defined : one nucleotide is substituted for another May be repaired by DNA polymerase May lead to amino acid change See animation May not lead to any change Ex: DNA “CCC” is mutated into “CC G ” Same amino acid is created (glycine). Gene: Point Mutations. T. A. C. A. G. T.

clark-wall
Download Presentation

Mutations

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Mutations

  2. Defined: one nucleotide is substituted for another May be repaired by DNA polymerase May lead to amino acid change See animation May not lead to any change Ex: DNA “CCC” is mutated into “CCG” Same amino acid is created (glycine) Gene: Point Mutations T A C A G T G G T C A A A DNA U G U C A C A C A G U U U mRNA cysteine glutamine histidine glutamine phenylalanine Amino acids

  3. Gene: Frame Shift Mutation C A C A G T G G T C A A A DNA • Defined: insertion/deletion of a nucleotide • Entire sequence of DNA/RNA after the mutation is shifted (see animation) • Much more serious to the structure/function of the final protein • mRNA sequence may have early or late “stop codons” G U G U C A C C A G U U U mRNA cysteine histidine glutamine phenylalanine Amino acids histidine serine leucine

  4. Chromosome Mutations • Translocation: Chromosome segments combine with nonhomologous chromosome • Many genes wind up on entirely different chromosomes • Gene cut apart • ½ on chr #5, ½ on chr #8

  5. Down’s Syndrome

  6. Impact on Offspring • Somatic cell mutations • Affect only the individual • Not passed on to future generations • Ex: Muscle cell mutation • Germ cell mutations • May be passed to future generations • Ex: Sperm cell mutation

  7. Mutation Causes • Mutagen: agents in the environment that can change DNA • Speed up replication process • Break apart nucleotides • Ex: UV sunlight breaks hydrogen bond between thymine (T) and adenine (A)

More Related