Basic Network Training

Basic Network Training Thanaphum Bannasri Salatas Padfusup

Agenda • DAY1 • Networking Fundamentals • OSI 7 Layers • IP Addressing / Subnetting • Understanding Ethernet LAN • Starting on Cisco Switch • LAN Lab example • DAY2 • Transport Protocol • Starting on Cisco router • Routing Fundamentals Static , RIP , OSPF , EIGRP • Routing example • Wireless LAN Basic Network Training

Agenda • DAY3 • Communication Cable Technologies • Understanding Wan Technology • Basic network command • Basic network troubleshooting Basic Network Training

Networking Fundamentals Basic Network Training

Basic Network Training

Data Networks Basic Network Training

Network History Basic Network Training

Network Devices Basic Network Training

Network Topology Basic Network Training

Local-area Networks (LANs) Basic Network Training

Wide-area Networks (WANs) Basic Network Training

Metropolitan-Area Network (MANs) Basic Network Training

Storage-Area Networks (SANS) Basic Network Training

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) Basic Network Training

Bandwidth Basic Network Training

OSI Model Away Pizza Sausage Throw Not Do Programmers Basic Network Training

OSI Model Basic Network Training

OSI Layers Basic Network Training

Provides connectivity and path selection between two host • Provides Logical address • No error correction, best effort delivery. OSI Layers Basic Network Training

OSI Layers Basic Network Training

Peer-to-Peer Communication Basic Network Training

TCP/IP Model Basic Network Training

Encapsulation Data Data Data Segments Packet Frame Bits Basic Network Training

IP Addressing Basic Network Training

IP Address • An IP address has 32 bits divided into four octets • To make the address easier to read, people use decimal numbers to represent the binary digits • Example: 192.168.1.1 • Dotted decimal notation • When binary IP addresses are written in decimal format Basic Network Training

IP Packet Basic Network Training

IP Address Basic Network Training

IP Address Binary format Basic Network Training

MAC Address VS IP Address • MAC address • Identifies a specific NIC in a computer on a network • Each MAC address is unique • TCP/IP networks can use MAC addresses in communication • Network devices cannot efficiently route traffic using MAC addresses because they: • Are not grouped logically • Cannot be modified • Do not give information about physical or logical network configuration • IP addressing • Devised for use on large networks • IP addresses have a hierarchical structure and do provide logical groupings • IP address identifies both a network and a host Basic Network Training

IP Classes • Class A • Reserved for governments and large corporations throughout the world • Each Class A address supports 16,777,214 hosts • Class B • Addresses are assigned to large- and medium-sized companies • Each Class B address supports 65,534 hosts • Class C • Addresses are assigned to groups that do not meet the qualifications to obtain Class A or B addresses • Each Class C address supports 254 hosts • Class D • Addresses (also known as multicast addresses) are reserved for multicasting • Multicasting is the sending of a stream of data (usually audio and video) to multiple computers simultaneously • Class E • Addresses are reserved for research, testing, and experimentation • The Class E range starts where Class D leaves off Basic Network Training

IP Address Classes IP addresses are divided into classes to define the large, medium, and small networks. Class A addresses are assigned to larger networks. Class B addresses are used for medium-sized networks, Class C for small networks, Class Dfor Multicasting Class Efor Experimental purposes Basic Network Training

IP Classes Basic Network Training

Summary Address Classes Basic Network Training

IP address types • IP address could be one of three categories • Network address • Host address • Broadcast address Basic Network Training

Network / Broadcast Addresses - Network address : the first IP address in it which all host part bits = 0 - Broadcast address: the last IP address in the network which all host part bits = 1 no. of host bits - other addresses are host addresses = 2 - 2 - Here are some examples: ClassNetwork AddressBroadcast Address A 12.0.0.0 12.255.255.255 B 172.16.0.0 172.16.255.255 C 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.255 Basic Network Training

Network Addressing • IP addresses identify both the network and the host • The division between the two is not specific to a certain number of octets • Subnet mask • Indicates how much of the IP address represents the network or subnet • Standard (default) subnet masks: • Class A subnet mask is 255.0.0.0 • Class B subnet mask is 255.255.0.0 • Class C subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 Basic Network Training

Subnet Mask - 32 bit mask ( 1’s followed by 0’s ) - Used by routers and hosts to determine the number of network- significant bits ( identified by 1’s ) and host- significantbitsin an IP address (identified by 0’s) - example : ClassNetwork AddressDefault subnet mask A 12.0.0.0 255.0.0.0 or /8 B 172.16.0.0 255.255.0.0 or /16 C 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 or /24 Basic Network Training

Octet Values of a Subnet Mask Basic Network Training

Network Addressing • TCP/IP hosts use the combination of the IP address and the subnet mask • To determine if other addresses are local or remote • The binary AND operation is used to perform the calculation • Subnetting • Manipulation of the subnet mask to get more network numbers Basic Network Training

Basic Network Training