1 / 49

Defining Anxiety And Anxiety Disorders

Defining Anxiety And Anxiety Disorders. Anxiety An unpleasant emotion characterized by a general sense of danger, dread, and physiological arousal. Common Components of Anxiety. Anxiety Disorders. Trait Anxiety

clare
Download Presentation

Defining Anxiety And Anxiety Disorders

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Defining Anxiety And Anxiety Disorders • Anxiety An unpleasant emotion characterized by a general sense of danger, dread, and physiological arousal

  2. Common Components of Anxiety

  3. Anxiety Disorders • Trait Anxiety An individual’s tendency to respond to a variety of situations with more or less anxiety • State Anxiety An individual’s level of anxiety at a specific time

  4. Classifying Anxiety Disorders(DSM-IV-TR)

  5. Anxiety Disorders • Generalized Anxiety Disorder Chronic, pervasive, and debilitating nervousness Chronic (>6 months), pervasive anxiety Difficulty controlling the anxiety The anxiety includes three or more of the following: Restlessness Fatigue Difficulty concentrating Irritability Muscle Tension Sleep disturbance

  6. Anxiety Disorders • Panic Disorder Panic attacks that cause ongoing distress or impairment • Panic attack Discrete episode of acute terror in the absence of real danger • Criteria for Panic Disorder Episodes of intense panic (panic attacks) Persistent concern about having additional attacks, worry about the consequences of an attack, or changes in behavior because of the attack

  7. Anxiety Disorders • A Panic Attack Cycle

  8. Anxiety Disorders • Criteria for Panic Disorder

  9. Anxiety Disorders • Phobias An intense, persistent, and irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

  10. Anxiety Disorders • Types of Phobias Social phobia Agoraphobia Specific phobia

  11. Anxiety Disorders • Social Phobia A phobia in which fears are focused on social situations or other activities where there is a possibility of being observed and judged Example: Stage Fright

  12. Anxiety Disorders • Agoraphobia A fear of wide open spaces or crowded places

  13. Anxiety Disorders • Specific phobias Any phobia that is not a social phobia or agoraphobia Four common types: animals natural environment blood/injection/injury situational

  14. Anxiety Disorders • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder An anxiety disorder in which distressing and unwanted thoughts lead to compulsive rituals that significantly interfere with daily functioning • Obsessions Unwanted and upsetting thoughts or impulses • Compulsions Irrational rituals that are repeated in an effort to control or neutralize the anxiety brought on by obsessional thoughts

  15. Anxiety Disorders • Criteria for Phobias

  16. Anxiety Disorders • Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

  17. Anxiety Disorders

  18. Anxiety Disorders • Postraumatic and Acute Stress Disorders • Trauma An emotionally overwhelming experience in which there is a real or perceived possibility of death or serious injury to oneself or a loved one

  19. Anxiety Disorders • Acute stress disorder Significant posttraumatic anxiety symptoms that occur within one month of a traumatic experience. • Posttraumatic stress disorder Significant posttraumatic anxiety symptoms occurring more than one month after a traumatic experience

  20. Anxiety Disorders

  21. Anxiety Disorders Diagnostic Criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (continued)

  22. Anxiety Disorders

  23. Anxiety Disorders • Advantages and Limitations of the DSM-IV-TR Anxiety Disorder Diagnoses Comorbidity The presence of two or more disorders in one person, or a general association between two or more different disorders.

  24. Anxiety Disorders

  25. Anxiety Disorders • Classification in Demographic Context Age Separation Anxiety Disorder (SAD) Gender Disproportionate rates of anxiety disorders in women have noted that traditional female gender roles have not typically emphasized assertion and self-sufficiency — skills that are important for overcoming anxiety. Class People living in poor urban environments are at increased risk for developing PTSD.

  26. Explaining and TreatingAnxiety Disorders • Biological Components The Autonomic Nervous System sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system flight-or-fight response Genetic factors= predisposition

  27. Explaining and TreatingAnxiety Disorders • Limbic System amygdala hippocampus hypothalamus

  28. Explaining and TreatingAnxiety Disorders • Biological Interventions Barbiturates Benzodiazepines

  29. Anxiety Disorders • Biological Interventions Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia SSRIs prozac, zoloft, paxil Tricyclics tofranil, elavil, and sinequan

  30. Anxiety Disorders • Biological Interventions Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder SSRIs benzodiazepines and neuroleptics to augment neuroleptic

  31. Anxiety Disorders • Biological Interventions Post Traumatic Stress Disorder SSRIs Wellbutrin (bupropion)

  32. Anxiety Disorders • Biological Interventions Social Phobias SSRIs Beta-blockers

  33. Anxiety Disorders • Biological Interventions Generalized Anxiety Disorder Paxil BuSpar Effexor

  34. Anxiety Disorders • Behavioral Components Classical conditioning Little Albert (Watson & Raynor)

  35. Anxiety Disorders • Behavioral Components Operant conditioning Modeling

  36. Anxiety Disorders • Behavioral Interventions Phobias systematic desensitization in vivo desensitization relaxation training flooding

  37. Anxiety Disorders • Behavioral Interventions Panic Disorder systematic desensitization in vivo desensitization flooding

  38. Anxiety Disorders • BehavioralInterventions Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder exposure and response prevention

  39. Anxiety Disorders • Behavioral Interventions Post Traumatic Stress Disorder prolonged imaginal exposure

  40. Anxiety Disorders • Cognitive Components Cognitive schemas

  41. Anxiety Disorders • Cognitive Components

  42. Anxiety Disorders • Cognitive Interventions

  43. Anxiety Disorders • Psychodynamic Components Freud repression

  44. Anxiety Disorders • Psychodynamic Components Phobias displacement Oedipus complex projection

  45. Anxiety Disorders • Psychodynamic Components isolation of affect undoing Cheat on wife Buy wife a mink coat

  46. Anxiety Disorders • Psychodynamic Interventions resistance transference

  47. Anxiety Disorders • Humanistic and Existential Components maladaptive emotional scheme A humanistic term for patterns of thought and feeling that emerge around salient emotional experiences (usually in childhood) and are activated in similar situations during adulthood.

  48. Anxiety Disorders • Humanistic and Existential Interventions development of a strong therapeutic alliance that allows for the recognition and exploration of painful emotional experiences

  49. Anxiety Disorders • Multiple Causality in Anxiety Disorders Integrated cognitive and behavioral approaches Cognitive-psychodynamic overlap Combined behavioral-biological

More Related