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1. The HFA and the Africa PoA implementation Focus on Sub-Sahara Africa www.unisdr.org UNECA Capacity Development Workshop on DRR and DRM Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 25 June 2012 Rhea Katsanakis UNISDR Regional Office for Africa

2. Overview I Global Trends II Advance at regional, sub-regional, national levels III Perspectives

3. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges towards HFA implementation P1:major progress is being reported in strengthening disaster management and the institutional and legislative arrangements and mechanisms that underpin it I

4. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges towards HFA implementation Priority Area 1 (Ensure that disaster risk reduction is a national and local priority with a strong institutional basis for implementation) major progress is being reported in strengthening disaster management and the institutional and legislative arrangements and mechanisms that underpin it However, a number of countries also highlighted that this progress does not necessarily translate into effective DRM. I

5. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges towards HFA implementation Priority Area 2 (Knowledge of risk at national and local level) Comprehensive risk assessments remain elusive, particularly at the local level. More than half (46) of the reporting countries have undertaken national multi-hazard risk assessments, but many countries faced major challenges linking these to development processes at the national and local levels. I

6. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges towards HFA implementation Priority Area 3 (Use knowledge, innovation and education to build a culture of safety and resilience at all levels) Identifying and further developing methods and tools for multi-risk assessments and cost–benefit analyses remains weak. Less than a third of reporting countries rated as substantial or comprehensive their efforts to integrate risk reduction into school curricula and relevant formal training. The majority of countries reported significant gaps in developing public awareness strategies. I

7. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges towards HFA implementation Priority Area 4 (Reduce the underlying risk factors) Although countries reported a greater awareness of the need to factor DRM into planning and investment, countries reported difficulties addressing the risks internalized in the different development sectors; Only 40 percent of countries, including only a quarter of low-income countries, invested in retrofitting critical public infrastructure such as schools and hospitals.. I

8. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges towards HFA implementation Priority Area 5 (Strengthening disaster preparedness for effective response) has been the dominant focus of national governments for decades. This area encompasses disaster preparedness and contingency plans at all administrative levels, financial reserves and contingency mechanisms, and well-established procedures for information exchange during emergencies. Progress in this area is high. I

9. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges in early warning systems Translating warning into concrete local action is crucial, even in countries with effective capacities for forecasting, detecting and monitoring hazards and suitable technologies for disseminating advance warnings. In many countries, even accurate, timely early warnings were often not acted upon effectively. I

10. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges in early warning systems Translating warning into concrete local action is crucial, even in countries with effective capacities for forecasting, detecting and monitoring hazards and suitable technologies for disseminating advance warnings. In many countries, even accurate, timely early warnings were often not acted upon effectively. I

11. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges in understanding risk Three main obstacles to undertaking comprehensive risk assessments: limited financial resources lack of technical capacity lack of harmonization among the instruments, tools and institutions involved Most countries also reported limited availability of data on localized losses, and difficulties connecting local disaster impact assessments with national monitoring systems and loss databases. I

12. Global Trends: GAR 2011 Gaps and challenges in understanding risk Disaster loss data is a prerequisite for understanding risk. Unless a country systematically records its disaster losses, measures the impacts and assesses its risks, then justifying investments in risk reduction will be difficult. The majority of countries (62 out of 82) did report having mechanisms in place to systematically report disaster loss and impacts, but do not generate sufficient data, and suffer from fragmentation and limited accessibility. I

13. Global Trends: GAR 2011 “From Words to Investment” Most countries across all geographical and income regions reported relatively little progress toward dedicating resources to strengthening their risk governance capacities. Resources allocated for DRM in individual sectors or for local governments are even more limited. For more info please visit:http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/gar/2011/en/hfa/index.html I

14. Vulnerability and exposure increasing….. so Risk Source: Busby et al., 2010 Indicators of Vulnerability: Physical exposure to climate-related hazards (drought, floods, storms, landslides, wildfires) Household and community vulnerability (limited access to health, nutrition, sanitation, and education levels) Governance and incidence of political violence Population density

15. AFFECTED PEOPLE BY DISASTERS IN AFRICA 2010-2011 I *most disasters are Weather/climate related Source: EM-DAT: The OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database – www.emdat.be, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels (Belgium);

16. Africa Strategy and Programme of Action for DRR 2006-2015 DRR Ministerial Declaration Mechanisms for DRR coordination: Regional, Sub-regional and national Platforms for DRR. Africa Working Group for DRR. UN Inter-agency Group. Progress in Africa II • In partnership with: AUC, NPCA, RECs, AfDB, specialised entities, donors, UN, Civil Society, etc.

17. Africa Regional Strategy on Disaster Risk Reduction and Programme of Action (POA) I • Initially developed by AUC, NEPAD, • AfDB, UNISDR, UNDP, UNEP • Negotiated and approved by • 53 African countries in 2004 • Adopted by AMCEN in June 2004 • Submitted to AU Summit in July 2004 • PoA developed 2005 and approved by • AU Summit in 2006 • 2nd Africa Regional Platform (2009) reviewed progress and extended it 2015 • 2nd Ministerial meeting on DRR -16 April 2010 • Endorsed by the AU Jan 2011 Summit

18. Overall goal: To reduce the social, economic and environmental impacts of disasters on African people and economics, thereby facilitating the achievement of the MDGs and other development processes in Africa. Strategic Areas of Intervention Increased political commitment to disaster risk reduction. Improved identification and assessment of disaster risks. Increased public awareness of disaster risk reduction. Improved governance of disaster risk reduction institutions. Integration of disaster risk reduction in emergency response management. Overall coordination and monitoring of the implementation of the Strategy. Africa Programme of Action 2006 - 2015

19. II Comparison between the Africa Strategy and the HFA

20. Indicators:(compared with 2005 baseline) AREA OF INTERVENTION 1: Increased number of countries have institutional and legal frameworks for DRR. Increased number of countries have DRR in their PRSPs, NAPAs, and other relevant development plans. AREA OF INTERVENTION 2: Increased number of countries collect hazard risk data and have established systems to disseminate information on hazards. At least two RECs have sub-regional hazard risk early warning systems and protocols for sharing such early warning information in place. Africa Programme of Action 2006-2015

21. Indicators (continued) AREA OF INTERVENTION 3: Network or coalition for knowledge management and capacity development established and operational. Increased number of countries with school curricula in education on DRR  Safer schools. AREA OF INTERVENTION 4: Increased number of countries with a functional national multisectoral platform for DRR. Increased number of countries with integrated DRR and climate change adaptation planning and programming. Increased number of countries with established building codes and land use management regulations  Safer cities. Africa Programme of Action 2006-2015

22. Indicators (continued) AREA OF INTERVENTION 5: Increased number of countries with preparedness and contingency plans, periodically tested and activated. AREA OF INTERVENTION 6: Functional units for DRR within AUC and RECs. Biennial progress reporting on the implementation of the Africa Strategy within the HFA. The Africa Regional Platform is institutionalized with a secretariat and a programme  Mechanism. Africa Programme of Action 2006-2015

23. The need for an African Working Group on Disaster Risk Reduction in Africa was first proposed by the United Nations Inter-Agency Task Force on DRR in 2003. This call was heeded in the Declaration of the First African Ministerial Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction held in Addis Ababa in December 2005, which called for the establishment of the Africa Working Group on DRR. Africa Working Group

24. Africa Advisory group held its first meeting in Nairobi on June 10-11, 2005 convened by UNISDR Africa Office, Initial membership comprised AUC, COMESA, ECOWAS Secretariat, IGAD Secretariat, NPCA, UNISDR, UNDP BCPR (Africa), AfDB. This group played a critical role in drafting the Programme of Action for Implementation of the Africa Strategy 2005-2015. However no subsequent meeting of the group is documented. Africa Working Group

25. Ministerial Declaration April 2010 called on the African Union Commission to “reconstitute the Africa Working Group on Disaster Risk Reduction to provide coordination and technical support to Member States for the implementation of the Africa Regional Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction and its Programme of Action.” Mandate To provide coordination and technical support to AUC, RECs Member States and partners  for the implementation of the Africa Regional Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction and its Programme of Action. Africa Working Group

26. Ministerial Declaration April 2010 called on the African Union Commission to “reconstitute the Africa Working Group on Disaster Risk Reduction to provide coordination and technical support to Member States for the implementation of the Africa Regional Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction and its Programme of Action.” Mandate To provide coordination and technical support to AUC, RECs Member States and partners  for the implementation of the Africa Regional Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction and its Programme of Action. Africa Working Group

27. Communiqué Second Core Group Meeting of the AWG Yaounde, Cameroon, May 3-4 II http://www.disasterriskreduction.net/africa-working-group

28. Progress at Sub-regional level II • Regional Economic Communities: • IGAD (7countries): DRR strategy developed and approved, July 2004;planned consultative meeting on integration of DRR into school curricula planned for 2012 • 2. ECOWAS(15countries):Programme of Action for the implementation of the • ECOWAS Policy on DRR (period 2010-2014), Oct. 2009. • 3. SADC (15countries): DRR Strategic Plan revised and approved (period 2006-2010), Sept, 2005; presentation on DRR will be given to the SADC parliamentary forum in 2012 • 4. ECCAS(11countries): General policy on environment and natural resources • management developed and approved,March 2007. • 5. EAC (5 countries):CC policy developed and approved, April 2010. • .

29. Partnership with regional and sub-regional specialized centres have been developed to climate information, products and tools which are relevant for disaster reduction institutions and practitioners. They include: ACMAD– Africa Centre for Meteorological Application for Development AGRHYMET– Agrometeorology, Hydrology, Meteorology Regional Centre ICPAC – IGAD Climate Prediction and Applications Centre OSS– Sahara and Sahel Observatory (OSS) SADC– Climate Services Centre II Regional and sub-regional specialised institutions

30. II Some results at national and thematic level Based on official national reports (35) • 33+2 countries have NPs or similar coordinating mechanisms. • 25 countries have policies or strategies for DRR or DM. • 28 countries have PRSP that consider DRR. • 14 countries have DRR advisors supported by UNDP. • 29 countries have NAPAs that include DRR. • 18 countries have UNDAF that include DRR. • eg: The Gambia: Integrated National Programme for CC adaptation & DRR • National disaster losses DBs in Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia, Moz, Chad and Djibouti. Disaster preparedness • 31 countries have developed contingency plans, simulation • Components of preparedness planning • Guidance & indicators for disaster preparedness. • Readiness for response.

31. Summary statistics

34. COMPOSITION OF CAUSES OF DEATH

35. COMPOSITION OF DATA CARDS

36. COMPOSITION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED

37. COMPOSITION OF HOUSES DESTROYED AND HOUSES DAMAGED

38. SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF DEATHS

39. Thank you for your attention. We look forward to working together in order to reduce the impacts of disaster in Africa. Web:www.unisdr.org/africa www.Preventionweb.net