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Graduation Project II

Graduation Project II. Green Cooling. Design of Thermoacoustic Refrigerator . Advisor Name: Dr. Emad Elnajjar Group members Azeeza Saeed 200321817 Basma Abu-Baker 200302708 Haniya Awad 200337204

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Graduation Project II

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  1. Graduation Project II Green Cooling

  2. Design of Thermoacoustic Refrigerator • Advisor Name:Dr. Emad Elnajjar • Group members • Azeeza Saeed 200321817 • Basma Abu-Baker 200302708 • Haniya Awad 200337204 • Shamma Sultan 200321100

  3. Outlines • Introduction • Environmental and Economical Aspects • Design and Manufacturing • Project Budget • Testing and Results • Conclusion and Recommendations

  4. Objectives Applying engineering knowledge and sense to design and implement thermoacoustic refrigeration system Building and characterizing this system using systematic design method Gaining a practical experience in: How to purchase, select material, instrumentation, read equipments specifications, and prepare design drawings to be built in the workshop

  5. Objectives Training ourselves on creating an entrepreneur opportunities for small business ideas and exploring marketing opportunities and looking for a sponsorship Improving different personal skills and encouraging the team work spirit between all group members Looking for a sponsorship

  6. Environmental Aspect Today the earth plant suffering from two serious environmental problems: Global warming Ozone depletion

  7. Economical Aspect

  8. How It Works?

  9. Basic Theory Behind TcR

  10. 2nd Law of thermodynamics (Clausius statement). • Sound waves are pressure waves.

  11. Assumptions The acoustic medium is frictionless. The sound wave compression and expansion processes are isentropic. The sound wave propagates in horizontal direction. The resonator tube walls are rigid.

  12. Governing Equations Coefficient of Performance : Coefficient of performance : Cooling power, KW : Acoustic power, KW : Dimensionless/ Normalized cooling power : Dimensionless/ Normalized acoustic power : Sound velocity, m/s : stack cross sectional area, mm2 : Average pressure, KPa

  13. Design and Manufacturing Specify operation, working gas and stack parameters Design Choices: Average Pressure, Frequency, Dynamic Pressure, Working gas, Stack material and Stack geometry Design of the resonator Optimization of the stack Design of the stack Design of heat exchanger Design of acoustic driver

  14. Stack • Stack and stack holder shape • Stack material • Stack holder material

  15. Stack and Stack Holder Shape circular sticks with holes

  16. Stack and Stack Holder Shape cont. Parallel plates with rectangular gaps

  17. Stack and Stack Holder Shape cont. Spiral stack with fishing line Parallel plates with finishing line

  18. Stack Material • Stack material characteristics: 1. Low thermal conductivity. 2. Heat capacity larger than helium heat capacity. 3. Easy to manufacture and shaped.

  19. Stack Material Cont .

  20. Stack Holder Material • Stack holder material characteristics: 1. Low thermal conductivity 2. Rigidity

  21. Stack final dimensions

  22. Stack Holder Dimensions

  23. Stack Auto CAD Layout

  24. Stack and Stack Holder

  25. Resonator • Shape • Material • AutoCAD Drawing

  26. Resonator Shape • Length equal to λ/2 or λ/4 • Power losses: • λ/4 resonator will dissipate half of energy dissipated by λ/2 resonator

  27. Resonator Shape Cont. • Spherical end to simulate the open end • Buffer to reduce turbulence • Tapered section to reduce turbulence

  28. Resonator Material • The tube should stand high pressure • Should be rigid • Made of available metal • Suggested Material: • Aluminum • Advantages: • It is available in our workshop

  29. Resonator AutoCAD Layout

  30. Resonator

  31. Heat Exchangers • Material • Size • Weight • Heat transfer rate

  32. H.E. Materials and Dimensions

  33. Heat Exchanger AutoCAD Layout` Piped heat exchanger Sinusoidal heat exchanger

  34. Acoustic Driver • Loud speaker specifications • Housing of the Acoustic Driver • Housing material and specifications • Electroacoustic Power & Efficiency

  35. Acoustic Driver Design The selection of the driver is based on : 1.Compactness 2. Lightweight 3. Low losses 4. Bl-factor

  36. Acoustic Driver Design

  37. Mathematical Equations • The acoustic output power is : Where: Amplitude of the dynamic pressure Volume velocity amplitude Phase difference

  38. AutoCAD drawing for the whole system

  39. Project Budget

  40. Results and Analysis • What we were expecting and what we end with • Results gained • Analysis

  41. Results and Analysis • What we were expecting and what we end with? • Results • Analysis

  42. System after manufacturing

  43. Expected TcR System

  44. Expected TcR System Buffer

  45. Expected TcR System Buffer Pressure Gage

  46. Expected TcR System Buffer Valve Pressure Gage Valve

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