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WHS AP Psychology

WHS AP Psychology. Special Topics in Memory. Psych Immersions? (Connections to something else in psychology, another text, or your world.) Critical questions from the reading?. Special Topics in Memory. EQ 2-2. How can humans enhance memory encoding, storage, and retrieval?.

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WHS AP Psychology

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  1. WHSAP Psychology Special Topics in Memory

  2. Psych Immersions? (Connections to something else in psychology, another text, or your world.) Critical questions from the reading? Special Topics in Memory

  3. EQ 2-2 • How can humans enhance memory encoding, storage, and retrieval?

  4. Special Topics in Memory • Autobiographical memory • Recollection of events in our life • More recent events are easier to recall • Childhood Amnesia (Infantile Amnesia) • Generally poor memory for events prior to age 2-3 • May occur because brain is not fully developed at birth • Hippocampus not fully formed until age 2 • May be due to a lack of a clear sense-of-self in young children • May be the absence of language

  5. Special Topics in Memory • Extraordinary memory • Includes eidetic imagery (photographic memory) • Usually due to well developed memory techniques • Flashbulb memories • Vivid memories of dramatic event • May occur because of strong emotional content

  6. Special Topics in Memory • Eyewitness testimony • Shown to be unreliable • People’s recall for events may be influenced by what they heard or constructed after the incident • Memory is reconstructed • Memories are not stored like snapshots, but are instead like sketches that are altered and added to every time they are called up

  7. Special Topics in Memory • Eyewitness testimony cont’d • Elizabeth Loftus has shown subjects who are given false information about an event or scene tend to incorporate it into their memories, and "recall" the false information as a part of their original memory even two weeks later. • Loftus gives the example of the sniper attacks in the fall of 2002. "Everybody was looking for a white van even though the bad guys ended up having a dark Chevy Caprice." That's because some people reported seeing a white van at the scene of the crime. "Witnesses overhear each other," says Loftus, and police may also unintentionally influence people's memories when they talk about a crime.

  8. Special Topics in Memory • Eyewitness testimony • Study after study has shown that there is no correlation between the subjective feeling of certainty one has about a memory, and the memory’s accuracy

  9. Special Topics in Memory • Recovered memories • Involved the recall of long-forgotten dramatic event • May be the result of suggestion • Some evidence that memories can be repressed and recalled later

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