World Religions - Islam

1. World Religions - Islam • In early times, Arabs worshipped many gods. That changed, however, when a man named _________________________ brought a new religion to Arabia • Muhammad was born into an important ______________ in the city of ______________ around 570 • Once he was grown, he managed a _____________________________________ owned by a wealthy woman named ______________________, whom he _____________ when he was 25 • The caravan trade made Mecca a ______ city, but most of the __________ belonged to just a few people • Traditionally, wealthy people in Mecca had helped the ___________. In Muhammad’s time, though, many rich merchants _______________ the needy • ______________________ about these changes, Muhammad often went to the hills to __________ and ____________________ • One day, when he was about _______ years old, he went to meditate in a cave. According to religious writings, an _____________ spoke to Muhammad, telling him to “Recite in the name of your Lord who created, created man from clots of blood! Recite! Your Lord is the Most Bountiful One, Who by the pen taught man what he did not know.” • Muslims believe that God had spoken to Muhammad through an angel and had made him a Prophet, _______________________________________________________________________

2. World Religions - Islam • The messages that Muhammad received form the basis of the religion called _______________. In Arabic, the word Islam means ________________________________ • Muslims, ________________________________, believe that God chose Muhammad to be his ________________________ • They also believe that Muhammad continued to receive messages from God for the rest of his life. Eventually, these messages were collected in the Qur'an: ___________________________________ Teachings of Muhammad • There is only _________ God, __________________ (“the God”) • All people who ____________ in Allah are bound together like members of a ____________ - people who had __________ should use that money to help the ___________ • Urged ________________________ to treat their slaves kindly and ____________________ - people who _____________ their slaves would receive ___________________________ Spread of Islam • Few___________________ at first; slowly began to gain popularity, ________________ the rulers of _____________ • After being threatened with _______________, Muhammad and many of his followers went to ______________ in 622 • Muhammad’s departure from Mecca is called the _________, or journey; It is so important a date in the history of Islam that Muslims made 622 the first year of the Islamic calendar • Muhammad became a________________ and ________________ leader in Medina. His house became the first mosque, _______________________________________________. • Most people in ________________, including the people of Mecca, had __________________ Muhammad as their spiritual and political leader and become __________________ at the time of Muhammad’s death in __________

3. World Religions - Islam The Quran • During Muhammad’s life, his followers memorized his ______________ and his ___________and ____________ • After Muhammad’s death, they collected his __________________and wrote them down to form the book known as the Qur’an. Muslims believe the Qur’an to be the _______________________ as it was told to Muhammad Quran - BELIEFS • The ____________________in the Quran is that there is only _____________, Allah—and that Muhammad is his prophet. The Qur’an says people must obey Allah’s ________________ • Islam teaches that the world had a definite ____________ and will _______ one day; Muhammad said that on the final day God will ___________________________ • Those who have _____________________his orders will be granted life in _______________. According to the Quran, paradise is a beautiful garden full of fine food and drink. People who have not obeyed God, however, will _______________________________ Quran – GUIDELINES FOR BEHAVIOR • Like holy books of other religions, the Quran describes Muslim acts of ________________, guidelines for moral ________________and rules for ____________________________ • Some of these guidelines for life are stated explicitly:_________________________ For example, the Quran clearly describes how a person should prepare for __________

4. World Religions - Islam Quran – GUIDELINES FOR BEHAVIOR (continued) • The Quran also tells Muslims what they should not _______ or _______________ (Muslims are not allowed to eat pork or drink alcohol) • Other guidelines for behavior are not stated directly but are stated implicitly: _______________________________________________________________ • For example, the Quran does not expressly forbid the practice of ________________, which was common in early Arabia. It does, however, imply that slavery should be __________________ • Another important subject in the Quran has to do with jihad: ____________________________________________________________________ • Jihad refers to the inner struggle people go through in their effort to _______God and behave according to __________ ways. Jihad can also mean the struggle to ____________the Muslim community, or, historically, to ________________________________ The Sunnah • The Sunnah refers to the way Muhammad ____________, which provides a model for the _____________ and the way of life expected of Muslims. The Sunnah ________________________________________________________ • The first duties of a Muslim are the Five Pillars of Islam: _____________________________________________________________

5. World Religions - Islam • Pillar #1: _______________________________________________ • At least ____________ in their lives, Muslims must state their _____________ by saying, “There is no god but God, and Muhammad is his prophet.” • Pillar #2: _____________________________________________ • Muslims must pray ________ times a day: At each of these times, a call goes out from a ___________, inviting Muslims to come pray • Pillar #3: ________________________________________________ • Muslims must _______ part of their _____________ to a religious official. This money is used to help the poor, build mosques, or pay debts • Pillar #4: _____________________________ • Muslims fast during the holy month of ________________________; Throughout Ramadan, most Muslims will not ______ or ___________ anything between _________ and _______________; shows that ________ is more important than one’s own body • Pillar #5: ______________ • All Muslims must make a pilgrimage to ___________ at least __________ in their lives if they can

6. World Religions - Islam Islamic Law • Together, the Quran and the Sunnah form the basis of Islamic law, or _______________________________ • Shariah uses both Islamic sources and human reason to ______________ the __________________ of actions a person or community might take • All actions fall on a scale ranging from required to accepted to disapproved to forbidden. Islamic law makes no distinction between religious beliefs and daily life, so ______________________________________________________ • Shariah sets ___________________for good behavior and _____________________ for crimes -- It also describes ________________ of authority • Islamic law is not found in one book -- it is a set of _____________ and _________________ that have changed over the centuries. As a result, different ideas about Islamic law are found in different Muslim regions