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LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING

LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING. Lighting. VOLT: the force that moves electricity Like water pressure 240 volts for heavy equipment. Lighting. 120 volts for house voltage. Lighting. 12 volts is low voltage and safe. Lighting. CURRENT or AMPERAGE: the flow of electricity Like water flow. Lighting.

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LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING

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  1. LOW-VOLTAGE LIGHTING

  2. Lighting VOLT: the force that moves electricity • Like water pressure • 240 volts for heavy equipment

  3. Lighting 120 volts for house voltage

  4. Lighting 12 volts is low voltage and safe

  5. Lighting CURRENT or AMPERAGE: the flow of electricity • Like water flow

  6. Lighting Ohms: measure of resistance • Like friction loss in irrigation • Resistance reduces voltage

  7. CIRCUIT PANEL • Each circuit 120 Volts • Overload, current exceeds capacity and overheats • Circuit breaker prevents overload

  8. CIRCUIT PANEL • Circuit fuse prevents overload

  9. LIGHTING BULBS Incandescent • Voltage through coiled filament • Converts to 90% heat and 10% • Filament evaporates tungsten (darkens bulb)

  10. LIGHTING BULBS Halogen • Voltage through coiled filament • Halogen gas in the bulb binds the tungsten to prevent darkening

  11. LIGHTING BULBS Halogen • <10.5 V does not heat up enough • Color shift

  12. LIGHTING BULBS Fluorescent (CFL) • Electricity travels through argon gas • Require ballast to supply start-up current • Contain mercury

  13. LIGHTING BULBS Solar Lights • Utilize LED light • Bluish light

  14. LIGHTING BULBS LED (Light emitting diode) • No filament • Doesn’t heat up significantly • Efficient • Directional

  15. LIGHTING BULBS Incandescent • 1,200 • 60 watts • $325/annually CFL • 8,000 • 12 to 15 watts • $76/annually LED • 50,000 hours • 6 to 8 watts • $32/annually LED Incandescent CFL

  16. LIGHT FIXTURE

  17. LIGHT FIXTURE

  18. LIGHT FIXTURE

  19. LIGHT FIXTURE

  20. LIGHT FIXTURE

  21. LIGHT FIXTURE

  22. LIGHT FIXTURE

  23. TRANSFORMERS • Converts 120 V to 12 V • 12 V taps (or higher) • Multiple taps

  24. TRANSFORMERS

  25. TRANSFORMERS

  26. TRANSFORMERS • Wattage capacity • 300W, 600W, 900W, or 1200W • Timer and photocell

  27. TRANSFORMERS

  28. TRANSFORMERS

  29. TRANSFORMERS

  30. Wattage Requirements • Add the wattage of all fixture connected • Use only 80% of transformerwattage

  31. Cable • WIRE SIZE, or AWG (American Wire Gauge) • The lower the number, the thicker the wire

  32. Cable Single circuit cable • 12/2

  33. CABLE Splicing cable • Quick connection

  34. Splicing cable • Wire nuts (DBY)

  35. Cable If wire is too small • Higher amps • Increased resistance • Increased heat • Fewer volts will get to lights

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